颅底补量放射对T4期鼻咽癌复发率的影响

背景与目的:有蝶窦、海绵窦侵犯的T4期鼻咽癌患者放疗后的颅底复发率较高。本研究探讨颅底补量对有蝶窦、海绵窦等侵犯的T4期鼻咽癌患者颅底复发率和生存率的影响。方法:从1996年10月至1998年11月,共有120例经病理组织学确诊为鼻咽癌、经CT诊断为筛窦、蝶窦或/和海绵窦侵犯的T4期鼻咽癌初治患者在我院住院接受放射治疗,鼻咽剂量为(71.55±3.09)Gy,颈部剂量为(58.95±6.16)Gy。其中27例在放射治疗后接受颅底补量6～10Gy(颅底补量组),93例未进行颅底补量(对照组)。有53例接受诱导化疗1～3疗程,其中对照组41例,颅底补量组12例。用Kaplan-Meier和log-rank法计算和比较两组生存率和局控率。结果:两组患者的临床资料比较无明显差别。对照组1、3、5年颅底控制率分别为93.4%、76.4%、65.1%,颅底补量组分别为100%、91.8%、86.8%,两组比较有显著性差异(P=0.045)。对照组1、3、5年无瘤生存率分别75.3%、45.2%、31.2%,中位无瘤生存期为30个月,颅底补量组分别为85.2%、59.3%、51.9%,中位无瘤生存期为60个月,两组比较无明显差异(P=0.084),对照组与颅底补量组的放射性脑损伤发生率分别为4.3%和7.4%,两组间无明显差异(P=0.514)。结论:颅底放射补量可减少蝶窦、海绵窦等侵犯的T4期鼻咽癌患者的颅底复发,对提高无瘤生存率有一定的益处,此类患者宜给予颅底补量。

Impact of dose boost in skull base on recurrence of stage T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The recurrence rate in skull base is high for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with cavernous sinus or/and sphenoid sinus involvement. This study was conducted to explore the impact of dose boost in skull base on the recurrence in skull base and survival of NPC patients with cavernous sinus or/and sphenoid sinus involvement. METHODS: A total of 120 stage T4 NPC patients with cavernous sinus or/and sphenoid sinus involvement proved by histopathology and computed tomography (CT) were treated in our hospital from Oct. 1996 to Nov. 1998. The irradiation dose was (71.55+/-3.09) Gy in nasopharynx and (58.95+/-6.16) Gy in neck. Of the 120 patients, 27 received irradiation (6-10 Gy) in skull base after radiotherapy (boost group), 93 did not receive irradiation in skull base (control group). Fifty-three patients, 41 in control group and 12 in boost group, received cisplatin-based chemotherapy for 1-3 cycles. The survival rates and the recurrence of the 2 groups were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. RESULTS: The clinical characteristics of patients were similar in the 2 groups. The 1-, 3-, 5-year skull base control rates were significantly higher in boost group than in control group (100% vs. 93.4%, 91.8% vs. 76.4%, and 86.8% vs. 65.1%, respectively, P=0.045). The 1-, 3-, 5-year disease-freely survival rates were slightly higher in boost group than in control group (85.2% vs. 75.3%, 59.3% vs. 45.2%, and 51.9% vs. 31.2%, respectively, P=0.084). The median disease-freely survival time was longer in boost group than in control group (60 months vs. 30 months). The prevalences of irradiation-induced brain damage were 7.4% in boost group and 4.3% in control group with no significant difference (P=0.514). CONCLUSION: Dose boost in skull base can reduce the recurrence of stage T4 NPC in skull base and tends to enhance the disease-freely survival rate for NPC patients with cavernous sinus or/and sphenoid sinus involvement? it is recommended to such patients.