Modulation of aflatoxin toxicity and biomarkers by lycopene in F344 rats |
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Authors: | Tang Lili Guan Hongxia Ding Xiaolin Wang Jia-Sheng |
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Institution: | Department of Environmental Toxicology and The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Box 41163, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1163, USA; Southern Yangtze University, Wuxi, China. |
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Abstract: | Modulation by lycopene of aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1))-induced toxic effects, metabolism, and metabolic activations was studied in young F344 rats. Animals were pretreated orally with either corn oil (control group) or lycopene 100 mg/kg body weight (b.w.), intervention group] 5 days/week for 2 weeks. Control animals were then treated daily with AFB(1) (250 microg/kg b.w) alone. Intervention animals were administered lycopene (100 mg/kg b.w.) at 1 h following a daily treatment with AFB(1) (250 mug/kg b.w.). Pretreatment and intervention with lycopene significantly reduced the toxic effect caused by AFB(1) and greatly modulated AFB(1) metabolism and metabolic activation. Urinary excretion of AFB(1) phase 1 metabolites, AFM(1), AFQ(1), and AFP(1), was significantly decreased in lycopene-treated animals. Formation of serum AFB(1)-albumin adducts was also significantly reduced. The rate of reduction was from approximately 30% on day 1 (p<0.05) to 67.7% on day 15 (p<0.001). Lycopene intervention also significantly reduced formation of AFB(1)-DNA adducts in liver compared to control animals, with the highest reduction (52.7%) occurring on day 3 (p<0.05). Levels of AFB(1)-N(7)-guanine excreted in urine were also significantly decreased. Urinary excretion of the phase 2 detoxification metabolite, AFB(1)-mecapturic acid, was significantly increased in lycopene-intervened animals. AFB(1)-induced urinary excretion of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine was also reduced to 50% on day 7 after lycopene intervention. Collectively, these results suggest that inhibition of phase 1 metabolism and metabolic activation, as well as induction of phase 2 detoxification enzyme activity are the potential mechanisms for the chemopreventive effects of lycopene. |
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Keywords: | AFB1 aflatoxin B1 AFM1 aflatoxin M1 AFQ1 aflatoxin Q1 AFP1 aflatoxin P1 AFB-NAC AFB1-mecapturic acid AFB-N7-Gua Aflatoxin B1-N7-guanine b w body weight 8-OHdG 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine RIA radioimmunoassay TEAF triethylammonium formate |
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