黄河三角洲地区肾综合征出血热监测和防制研究

目的 通过对肾综合征出血热（HFRS）监测，探明胜利油区HFRS疫区性质和疫源地特点。分析该地区HFRS的发生机制和流行规律。开展科学灭鼠，控制传染源，制订适合该地区的防制措施。达到降低发病率。保障人们身体健康的目的。方法 资料收集和疫情漏报调查确定发病率；酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定血清抗体；免疫荧光法（IFAT）测定汉坦病毒（HV）抗原；夹夜法调查鼠种和密度；毒饵站法灭鼠。结果 HFRS发病率在12.5/10万-17.5/10万之间；隐性感染水平男性IgM为2.81%,IgG为4.21%。女性IgM为5.83%,IgG为4.17%；带病毒鼠指数家栖鼠0.082。野栖鼠0.025；居住区以褐家鼠和小家鼠为主。野外环境以黑线姬鼠，大仓鼠和黑线仓鼠为主；灭鼠效果夹夜法灭鼠率为79.91%。粉迹法灭鼠率为91.41%。结论 HFRS疫情在山东省内处于较低水平。以散发为主，病人症状以轻型多见，从鼠带病毒率和人群隐性感染水平可见，疫源地性质以家鼠型为主。利用毒饵站灭鼠效果理想。有较大的推广价值。

Surveillance and Prevention of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in Yellow River Delta

Objective To study the feature of HFRS focus,and analyze the mechanism of occurrence and the epidemic rules in Shengli Oilfield by surveillance of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS),in order to control rodents scientifically and to decrease the morbidity rate due to HFRS.Methods To investigate the morbidity rate by collecting data and non-reported cases.The antibody of serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).The antigen of Hantavirus (HV) was detected by immunofluorescent antibody assay (FA). The species and the density of rodent was investigated by trap-night method.Poisonous bait stations were used to control the rodents.Results The morbidity rate was 12.5 to 17.5/100 000.The recessive infection rate of man was 2.81 percent detected by immunoglobulin M, 4.21 percent detected by immunoglobulin G. The recessive infection rate of woman was 5.83 percent detected by immunoglobulin M, 4.17 percent detected by immunoglobulin G. The index of carrying Hantavirus in rodents was 0.082 in domestic rodents,0.025 in wild rodents; There mainly were Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus in residential area,Apodemus agrarius,Cricetulus triton and Cricetulus barabensis in field. The rodent control rate was 79.91 per cent by trap-night method,91.41 per cent by powder-trace method. Conclusion The HFRS epidemic situation of Shandong province was of low level. The main cases occurred with sporadic character. The symptom of patient was not serious usually. It seemed that the characteristics of the natural focus should mainly belong to the domestic type from the rate of HV carrier of rodents and the lever of recessive infection. The rodent control efficacy was perfect with the poisonous bait stations,which was think better of generalized.