CD4~+辅助性T细胞及其细胞因子与肝移植后的免疫

目的:就CD4~+辅助性T细胞(Th)及其细胞因子与移植免疫状态的关系及研究现状作一综述.资料来源:由第一作者进行检索.检索时限及数据库:Medline数据库1970-01/2008-12,万方医学网1998-01/2008-12,中国医院知识仓库1998-01/2008-12.英文检索词为"liver transplantation, rejection,immune tolerance,T helper lymphocytes, Th1 cells, Th2 cells";中文检索词为"肝移植,排斥反应,免疫耐受,辅助性T淋巴细胞,Th1细胞,Th2细胞".资料选择:纳入描述肝移植后免疫状态及辅助性T细胞及其细胞因子作用的文献,排除综述文献及重复研究类文章.结局评价指标:对资料进行初审,选取相关文献查找全文,纳入36篇.其中有关辅助性T细胞及移植后免疫状态研究背景的文献3篇,有关Th细胞及其细胞因子在移植免疫中作用的文献22篇,有关Th细胞及其细胞因子与移植免疫关系的文献11篇.结果:Th细胞是调节机体免疫应答的一类重要调节性细胞,具有辅助体液和细胞免疫的功能,Th细胞及其细胞因子在肝移植免疫中起十分重要的作用,Th1/Th2的平衡与肝移植后免疫反应密切相关,Th1细胞因子分泌增加可致肝脏排斥反应,当Th1/Th2向Th2偏移,易发生免疫耐受反应.结论:迄今为止,Th1/Th2转换与移植免疫关系的研究只停留在实验水平,如何将其学说应用于临床实践,通过检测和调整细胞因子等方法来确定机体的免疫状态,调节Th1/Th2的分化,从而诱导宿主的特异性免疫耐受应该成为下一步研究的重点.

CD4~+ T helper lymphocytes and cytokines participates in the immune tolerance following liver transplantation

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the immune response of CD4~+ T helper lymphocytes (Th) and their cytokines following liver transplantation. DATA SOURCE: A computer-based online search was conducted in Medline from January 1970 to December 2008, Wanfang Database from January 1998 to December 2008, and China Hospital Knowledge Database from January 1998 to December 2008 with the key words of "liver transplantation, rejection, immune Tolerance, T helper lymphocytes, Th1 cells, Th2 cells" in both Chinese and English. DATA SELECTION: Articles about immune response of Th and their cytokines following liver transplantation were included, but reviews and duplicated studies were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A total of 36 relative articles about immune response of Th and their cytokines following liver transplantation (n=3), immune effect of Th and cytokines on liver transplantation (n=22), and relationship among Th, cytokines, and transplantation immunity (n=11) were included. RESULTS: T helper lymphocyte was of importance to regulate the immune response, with function of supporting body fluid and cellular immune. Th and their cytokines played a very important role in immune tolerance following liver transplantation. The ration of Th1/Th2 was correlated with the immune response following liver transplantation. The increased Th1 secretion might induce rejection of liver tissue. When the ration turned to Th2, the immune tolerance easily occurred. CONCLUSION: Up to now, the theory of relationship between Th1/Th2 ration and transplantation immunity is not used for clinical application. Therefore, how to determine the immune state of organism by detecting and regulating cytokines, adjust Th1/Th2 ration, and induce specific immunologic tolerance of host become hot topics in the future.