GLP-1类似物在1型糖尿病和胰岛移植中的研究进展

1型糖尿病是在遗传和环境因素共同作用下,机体产生针对胰岛β细胞的自身免疫反应,随疾病进展大量β细胞被破坏而导致胰岛素分泌不足而致病.对1型糖尿病的理想冶疗模式是一方面阻断对β细胞的免疫损伤,另一方面促进β细胞再生,增加β细胞数量.体内和体外的研究表明胰升糖素样肽(GLP)-1类似物有促进胰岛素的合成与分泌,促进母细胞增殖并减少B细胞凋亡的作用,因此对于1型糖尿病有潜在的治疗作用.本文就近期发表的研究回顾了GLP-1类似物在1型糖尿病和胰岛移植中的研究进展,同时展望了未来的研究方向.

Study progression of GLP-1 analogues in type 1 diabetes and islet transplant

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (TlDM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β cells, which sequentially leading to the reduction of insulin secretion. Numerous susceptibilities, including genetic and environmental factors, may be involved in triggering the T1DM. The ideal therapy for T1DM should focus on both preventing the immune system from attacking β cells, and also the stimulation of β cell neogenesis. In vitro and in vivo studies both demonstrated that GLP-1 analogues were able to promote the synthesis and secretion of insulin, stimulate neogenesis of β cells, increase β cells replication, and reduce β cell apoptosis. Hence, GLP-1 analogues have been shown to be potential treatment for T1DM. This work reviewed recent publications regarding to GLP-1 application in TlDM and pancreatic islet transplantations and prospected the future research directions.