轴位颅前窝底和眶尖部骨折的CT表现和诊断

目的探讨颅前窝底和眶尖部骨折的CT表现和诊断及诊断价值。方法采用CT轴位扫描,结合临床和手术结果回顾性分析205例颅前窝底和眶尖部骨折的CT表现和诊断要点。结果205例颅前窝底和眶尖部骨折的直接征象是骨折线和颅缝分离。共有71例显示有眶顶（颅前窝底）骨折。67例显示有筛骨筛板骨折。二者之和占67.3%（138/205例）。颅缝分离不易显示和辩别。间接征象是筛窦小房“混浊”或液平和气颅。共有123例显示有筛窦小房“混浊”或液平。62例显示有颅内积气。颅前窝底骨折常合并其它比较严重的颅脑损伤。结论应用CT轴位扫描能明确颅前窝底骨折的部位,范围、程度和类型。在临床上对颅前窝底骨折有确切可靠的诊断价值,对眶尖部骨折有一定的诊断价值。

CT manifestations and diagnosis of fracture of anterior cranial fossa skull basal and orbital apex

Objective To explore CT manifestations and diagnosis, and the diagnostic values of fracture of anterior cranial fossa skull basal and orbital apex. Methods With clinical and operating correlation the authors retrospectively analyzed the CT manifestations of fracture of anterior cranial fossa skull basal and orbital apex of CT axial scan in 205 cases. Results The direct sign of fracture of anterior cranial fossa skull basal and orbital apex in 205 cases showed fracture line. The orbital apex demonstrated fracture line in 71 cases.the eth- moid sinus showed fracture in 67 cases. The two accounted for 67.3%(138/205 cases). The indirect sign showed turbidity or airfluid levels in ethmoid sinus of 123 cases and pneumocephalus of 62 cases. The fracture of cranial fossa skull basal frequently complicated the other of severe cranial trauma. Conclusion In anterior cranial fossa base fracture, the position, extent, degree and type of the fracture were defined by axial CT scan. Axial CT scan is important to the clinical diagnosis of anterior cranial fossa base fracture and helpful to the diagnosis of orbital opex fracture.