空回肠出血的病因和临床特征分析

目的 探讨空回肠出血的病因及临床特点.方法 收集山东省7个地市级医院1998年1月至2008年12月空回肠出血住院患者72例,其中男46例,女26例,年龄13～85岁,平均47岁.所有患者空回肠出血经内镜、影像学或手术确诊.回顾性分析空回肠出血的病因、诊断及主要临床表现等.结果 72例空回肠出血患者中,肿瘤为出血常见病因,占58.3%,42/72,其他依次为炎症(9/72,12.5%)、憩室(7/72,9.7%)、血管病变(7/72,9.7%)、克罗恩病(3/72,4.2%).男、女病因构成比及空肠、回肠出血病因构成比间差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).首发症状及临床表现以便血和便血伴腹痛为主.手术仍是目前确诊的主要手段(54.2%),其次为胶囊内镜(23.6%)、选择性动脉造影(9.7%)、小肠气钡X线造影(6.9%)、结肠镜(2.8%)和小肠镜(2.8%).伴随症状出现频率依次为贫血、肠梗阻、腹腔脏器转移、休克、肠粘连、肠穿孔.结论 小肠肿瘤是引起空回肠出血的主要原因,且主要位于空肠;而炎症、血管畸形和憩室则主要位于回肠.应加强胶囊内镜和小肠镜在临床中的应用.

Etiology and clinical features of jejunoileum bleeding

Objective To evaluate the etiology and clinical features of jejunoileum bleeding.Methods Seventy-two patients admitted in 7 hospitals of Shangdong province for jejunoileum bleeding from January 1998 to December 2008 were enrolled in the study. There were 46 males and 26 females with mean age of 47 years (ranged 13-85 years). The jejunoileum bleeding was confirmed by means of endoscopy, images or surgery. The causes, diagnostic methods and major clinical manifestations were retrospectively analyzed. Results The most frequent cause of jejunoileum bleeding was tumor (42/72,58.3 %), followed by enteritis (9/72, 12.5 %), diverticulum ( 7/72, 9. 7%), angiopathy (7/72,9.7%), Crohn's disease (3/72,4.2%). Differences were significant in constituent ratio of cause of jejunoileum hemorrhage between male and female and between jejunum and ileum (P＜0.05).Hematochezia or hematochezia with abdominal pain was the first presentation. The jejunoileum bleeding in 54. 2% patients was diagnosed by laparotomy, 23. 6% by capsule endoscopy, 9.7% by selective angiography, 6.9% by small bowel series and enteroclysis, 2.8% by colonoscopy and 2.8% by push enteroscopy. The complications of jejunoileum bleeding were anemia, intestinal obstruction,peritoneal metastasis, shock, ankylenteron and intestinal perforation. Conclusions Intestinal tumor is the most common cause in jejunoileum bleeding, especially in jejunum. Whereas the enteritis,diverticulum and angiopathy were often found in ileum. The capsule endoscopy and push enteroscopy are recommended in diagnosis of jejunoileum bleeding.