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Increased oxidative/nitrosative stress and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities in prostate cancer
Authors:Zorica Arsova-Sarafinovska  Ayse Eken  Nadica Matevska  Ahmet Sayal  Saso Banev  Sonja Dzikova  Aleksandar Sikole  Ljubica Suturkova  Ahmet Aydin
Affiliation:a Republic Institute for Health Protection, Department of Drug Quality Control, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
b Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Toxicology, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey
c University “St. Cyril and Methodius”, Faculty of Pharmacy, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
d University “St. Cyril and Methodius”, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
e University Clinic of Urology, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
f University Clinic of Nephrology, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
g Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Urology, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey
Abstract:

Objectives

The study was aimed to evaluate the oxidative/nitrosative stress status in prostate cancer (CaP) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Design and methods

312 men from two different populations were included: 163 men from Macedonia (73 CaP patients, 67 BPH patients and 23 control subjects) and 149 men from Turkey (34 prostate cancer patients, 100 BPH patients and 15 control subjects). We measured erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, erythrocyte activities of superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT); plasma nitrite/nitrate (NO2−/NO3−), cGMP and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels.

Results

A similar pattern of alteration in the oxidative/nitrosative stress-related parameters was found in both, Macedonian and Turkish studied samples: higher MDA concentrations with lower GPX and CuZn-SOD activities in CaP patients versus controls and BPH groups. The CAT activity was decreased in the CaP patients versus controls in the Turkish studied sample. Furthermore, CaP patients had increased plasma NO2−/NO3− and cGMP levels versus controls and BPH groups in both studied samples.

Conclusions

This study has confirmed an imbalance in the oxidative stress/antioxidant status and revealed an altered nitrosative status in prostate cancer patients.
Keywords:CaP, prostate cancer   MDA, malondialdehyde   CuZn-SOD, copper zinc superoxide dismutase   CAT, catalase   GPX, glutathione peroxidase   NO2&minus  /NO3&minus  , nitrite/nitrate   cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate   8-OHdG, 8-hydroxy-2&prime  -deoxyguanosine   ROS, reactive oxygen species   RNS, reactive nitrogen species   RO  0"   alt="  radical dot"   src="  http://cdn.els-cdn.com/sd/entities/rad"   class="  glyphImg"  >, alkoxyl radical   ROO  0"   alt="  radical dot"   src="  http://cdn.els-cdn.com/sd/entities/rad"   class="  glyphImg"  >, peroxyl radical   PSA, prostate specific antigen   PIA, proliferative inflammatory atrophy   NO  0"   alt="  radical dot"   src="  http://cdn.els-cdn.com/sd/entities/rad"   class="  glyphImg"  >, nitric oxide
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