Asian sand dust enhances ovalbumin-induced eosinophil recruitment in the alveoli and airway of mice |
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Authors: | Hiyoshi Kyoko Ichinose Takamichi Sadakane Kaori Takano Hirohisa Nishikawa Masataka Mori Ikuko Yanagisawa Rie Yoshida Seiichi Kumagai Yoshito Tomura Shigeo Shibamoto Takayuki |
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Institution: | Major of Human Care Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. |
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Abstract: | Asian sand dust (ASD) containing sulfate (SO4(2-)) reportedly causes adverse respiratory health effects but there is no experimental study showing the effect of ASD toward allergic respiratory diseases. The effects of ASD and ASD plus SO4(2-) toward allergic lung inflammation induced by ovalbumin (OVA) were investigated in this study. ICR mice were administered intratracheally with saline; ASD alone (sample from Shapotou desert); and ASD plus SO4(2-) (ASD-SO4); OVA+ASD; OVA+ASD-SO4. ASD or ASD-SO4 alone caused mild nutrophilic inflammation in the bronchi and alveoli. ASD and ASD-SO4 increased pro-inflammatory mediators, such as Keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF). ASD and ASD-SO4 enhanced eosinophil recruitment induced by OVA in the alveoli and in the submucosa of the airway, which has a goblet cell proliferation in the bronchial epithelium. However, a further increase of eosinophils by addition of SO4(2-) was not observed. The two sand dusts synergistically increased interleukin-5 (IL-5) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), which were associated with OVA, in BALF. However, the increased levels of IL-5 were lower in the OVA+ASD-SO4 group than in the OVA+ASD group. ASD caused the adjuvant effects to specific-IgG1 production by OVA, but not to specific-IgE. These results suggest that the enhancement of eosinophil recruitment in the lung is mediated by synergistically increased IL-5 and MCP-1. IgG1 antibodies may play an important role in the enhancement of allergic reaction caused by OVA and sand dust. However, extra sulfate may not contribute to an increase of eosinophils. |
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Keywords: | Asian sand dust Allergic inflammation Eosinophil recruitment Murine lung |
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