维持性血液透析患者的肝炎病毒感染状况

目的调查维持性血液透析(血透)患者肝炎病毒的感染状况,并探讨其相关危险因素。方法取110例血透患者(HD组)及108例非透析治疗的慢性肾功能衰竭患者(ND组)血清,检测甲、乙、丙和戊型4型病毒性肝炎血清标志物,同时检测肝功能,调查输血史,并进行相关性分析。结果HD组肝炎病毒感染率(61．8％)显著高于ND组(26．9％,P<0．01)。HD组乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染率均显著高于ND组(P值分别<0．05、0．01),有输血史者的HBV感染率(75．9％)、HCV感染率(82．8％)均显著高于无输血史者(51．9％和9．9％,P值分别<0．05、0．01)。透析时间越长,HBV、HCV感染率越高(P值分别<0．05、0．01)。肝炎病毒感染者与未感染者肝功能的差异有显著性(P值分别<0．05、0．01)。结论血透患者的HBV、HCV感染率较高,与输血及血透本身的医源性感染有关。

A prevalence study of hepatitis virus infection status and the correlative factors in hemodialysis patients

Objective To study the hepatitis virus infection status in hemodialysis(HD) patients and to investigate the correlative factors. Methods HBV markers, HAV, HCV and HEV antibodies; and the hepatic enzymes spectrum were detected in 110 HD patients and 108 ND(nondialized chronic kidney disease) patients. Results The infectious rate 61.8%, the prevalence of HBV and HCV in HD patients were markedly higher than those in the ND group(P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The infectious rates of HBV and HCV were in positive proportion to periods of hemodialysis(P< 0.05, P< 0.01). The liver functions of the infected and non-infected ones showed significant differences(P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusions The infectious rates of HBV and HCV in HD patients are high, closely related to iatrogenic blood transfusion as well as hemodialysis.