一所山区学校流行性腮腺炎暴发调查和应急接种效果评价

目的]调查疫情，控制暴发，评价应急接种效果.方法]开展暴发调查，核实诊断；对全校无流行性腮腺炎(流腮)病史的学生应急接种流腮疫苗，并测定抗体效价.结果]疫情持续约4个月，罹患率全校学生为27.47％，寄宿生高于走读生(P＜0.01);检测病人23例，抗体滴度≥164的占65.22％;应急接种后，接种者的抗体阳转率和GMRT分别为48.57％(17/35)和2.8，抗体滴度≥164者占11.76％;应急接种后17d暴发终止.结论]这是一起由于传染源输入、延误防制措施、居住拥挤和密切接触引起的山区学校流腮暴发，应急接种流腮疫苗有较好的效果.

Investigation on a Mumps Outbreak and Evaluation on Emergent Vaccination Effect at a School of a Mountain Village

Objective]To survey epidemic situation,control outbreak and evaluate emergent vaccination effect. Methods]Outbreak survey and verified diagnosis were carried out. All students without mumps history were emergently inoculated with mumps vaccine. Mumps antibody was measured by haemagglutination inhibition test. Results］Epidemic situation lasted about four months. The attack rate of mumps in all students was 27.47%. The rate in the resident students was significantly higher than that in the non-resident students(P＜0.01). Sera from 23 patients were detected. The percentage of HI antibody titers≥1:64 was 65.22%. HI antibody positive seroconversion rate and GMRT of the vaccinees after emergent vaccination were 48.57% (17/35) and 2.8 respectively. Proportion of HI antibody titer ≥1:64 accounted for 11.76%. The outbreak was stopped within 17 days after emergent immunization. Conclusions]This mumps outbreak at a school of a mountain village is due to import of infection source,delay of control measure, crowded living condition and close contact. The emergent vaccination with mumps vaccine is efficient.