甲型流感病毒感染者CD160 +CD8 +T淋巴细胞亚群分析

目的研究甲型流感病毒（IAV）感染者外周血中CD160⁺CD8⁺ T淋巴细胞亚群的特征。 方法收集2018年12月至2019年3月流感季就诊于北京大学地坛医院教学医院感染二科IAV感染者共37例及同期体检的健康对照者51例，应用多色流式细胞检测平台，检测外周血不同分化阶段CD160⁺CD8⁺ T淋巴细胞的比例。 结果与健康对照相比，IAV感染者外周血T细胞中CD160⁺CD8⁺ T细胞比例下降24.50%（14.70%，44.10%）vs. 8.85%（5.14%，18.15%）]，差异有统计学意义（U = 326.00、P < 0.001）。IAV感染者与健康对照相比，其CD8⁺ T中初始T细胞（T_N）3.88%（1.28%，9.48%） vs. 0.22%（0.12%，0.60%）]、中央记忆性T细胞（T_CM）8.70%（4.43%，15.80%） vs. 1.51%（0.69%，2.54%）]、效应记忆性T细胞（T_EM）22.30%（13.80%，30.40%） vs. 7.71%（5.23%，16.25%）]和终末效应记忆T细胞（T_EMRA）（46.99 ± 22.91）% vs. （21.60 ± 13.38）%]4个亚群中CD160⁺细胞的比例均下降，差异有统计学意义（U = 238.50、81.50、412.00，t = 6.03；P均< 0.001）。IAV感染者出院时较入院时CD160⁺CD8⁺ T细胞比例上升（8.92 ± 7.84）% vs. （16.40 ± 9.43）%]（t = 4.09、P = 0.001），但仍低于正常水平24.50%（14.70%，44.10%） vs. （16.40 ± 9.43）%]，差异有统计学意义（U = 209.50、P = 0.0029）。 结论甲型流感病毒感染者外周血中T淋巴细胞CD160⁺CD8⁺ T细胞亚群比例显著降低，可能是免疫失衡的重要表现。

Analysis of CD160 +CD8 + lymphocyte subsets of influenza A virus infectors

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of CD160⁺CD8⁺ T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of patients with influenza A virus (IAV) infection. MethodsTotal of 37 patients with IAV infection and 51 healthy controls in the same period were recruitmented in Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital from December 2018 to March 2019, and the frequencies of CD160⁺CD8⁺ T cells in peripheral blood of different differentiation stages were detected by multicolor flow cytometry. ResultCompared with health controls, the frequencies of CD160⁺CD8⁺ T cells in peripheral blood of patients with IAV infection decreased 24.50% (14.70%, 44.10%) vs. 8.85% (5.14%, 18.15%)], with significant difference (U = 326.00, P < 0.001). Compared with the controls, these decrease occurred in the four subsets of CD8⁺ T cells that include the naive T cells (T_N) 3.88% (1.28%, 9.48%) vs. 0.22% (0.12%, 0.60%)], central memory T cells (T_CM) 8.70% (4.43%, 15.80%) vs. 1.51% (0.69%, 2.54%)], effector memory T cells (T_EM) 22.30% (13.80%, 30.40%) vs. 7.71% (5.23%, 16.25%)] and effective memory re-expressing T cells (T_EMRA) (46.99 ± 22.91) % vs. (21.60 ± 13.38) %] of cases with IAV infection, with significant differences (U = 238.50, 81.50, 412.00, t = 6.03; all P < 0.001). The proportion of CD160⁺CD8⁺ T cells in the discharged patients with IAV infection was higher than that of admission (8.92 ± 7.84) % vs. (16.40 ± 9.43) %], with significant difference (t = 4.09, P = 0.001), but still lower than that of health controls 24.50% (14.70%, 44.10%) vs (16.40 ± 9.43) %], with significant difference (U = 209.50, P = 0.0029). ConclusionsThe frequency of CD160⁺CD8⁺ T cell subsets in peripheral blood T lymphocytes of patients with IAV infection decreased significantly, and may be an important manifestation of immune imbalance.