运用3D数字模型观察前牙区牙齿大小的特征

目的 运用3D数字模型观察前牙区牙齿大小的特征.方法 选取汉族(蒙古人种)青少年正畸患者66例,其中男32例,女34例,11～14岁,平均12.8岁.制取上下牙牙合印模,通过电子扫描技术获得3D数字模型,对上下前牙区牙齿临床冠的高度、宽度和厚度进行测量,观察大小变化规律及其对正畸治疗效果的影响.结果 正畸患者前牙Bolton指数略大于高加索人种均值(P< 0.05);上颌侧切牙和下颌中切牙对前牙区Bolton指数的变化影响最大;上颌侧切牙舌侧边缘嵴厚度变化最大;同名上颌侧切牙和下颌中切牙临床冠宽度有一定差异;同名上颌尖牙及下颌尖牙临床冠高度有一定差异.结论 前牙区牙齿大小有一定变化规律,Bolton指数在不同人种间有一定差异,影响前牙美学及良好咬合关系的建立,从而对正畸疗效稳定产生作用.

Anthropometric analysis of the size of anterior arch in teenager orthodontic patients with 3D-model

Objective To observe the size of anterior arch in Han orthodontic patients. Methods A total of 66 teenager orthodontic patients treated in our hospital were enrolled in the research. The 3D digital models and plaster models of all patients were built to measure the height, width and thickness of each anterior tooth. Results The Bolton's ratio showed significant difference between the Mongoloid and Caucasion ethnic groups (P <0.05). The mesiodostal width of maxillary lateral incisor and mandibular central incisor played an important part in Bolton's ratio discrepancies. The thickness of maxillary lateral incisor also displayed a marked difference. The right-left discrepancies in mesiodistal width of maxillary lateral incisor and mandibular central incisor were much more than the other anterior teeth. The significant differences of right-left discrepancies in clinical crown heights were canine. Conclusion The size of anterior teeth in Mongoloid teenager orthodontic patients shows ethnic differences and regularities, which can provide clinical reference for orthodontic treatment.