免疫球蛋白亚类、IL-4和IL-6在恶性淋巴细胞血液病中的变化

目的　观察多发性骨髓瘤和淋巴细胞白血病患者血清中免疫球蛋白亚类、ＩＬ－４ 和ＩＬ－６ 的含量变化。方法　采用酶联免疫吸附法测定了５０ 例多发性骨髓瘤（ＭＭ）和淋巴细胞白血病患者血清ＩｇＧ亚类、ＩＬ－４ 和ＩＬ－６ 水平；用免疫单向琼脂扩散法测定了ＩｇＡ亚类水平；并对上述部分参数进行相关分析。结果　ＭＭ 患者中，ＩｇＧ型最多，副蛋白主要分布于ＩｇＧ１ 和ＩｇＧ２ ，其ＩｇＡ及亚类多缺乏；ＩｇＡ１ 型患者血清ＩｇＧ１ 明显降低。病程较长和复发的ＡＬＬ患者血清ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ和ＩｇＧ１ 水平均明显低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０－０５）；初发ＡＬＬ患者接近正常水平。绝大多数ＡＬＬ患者ＩｇＡ１ 和ＩｇＡ２ 水平明显低于正常。同时发现ＡＬＬ患者血清ＩｇＧ１ 水平与ＩＬ－ ４ 含量呈正相关（ｒ＝０－６６８ ，Ｐ＜０－０５） 。结论　多发性骨髓瘤和淋巴细胞白血病患者容易合并免疫球蛋白亚类缺乏。

Changes of immunoglobulin subclasses, interleukin-4 and interleukin-6 in patients with multiplemyeloma and lymphocytic leukemias

Objective To investigate changes of serum immunoglobulin G and A subclasses, IL-4 and IL-6 in multiple myeloma (MM) and in lymphocytic leukemias. Methods Serum immunoglobulin G subclasses, IL-4 and IL-6 were measured in 50 patients with MM and lymphocytic leukemias by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunoglobulin A subclasses were measured by radial immunodiffusion. Linear-correlation was used to analyze some of these data. Results Most MM patients were IgG type, with paraprotein mainly distributed to IgG 1 and IgG 2, meanwhile these but were deficient in IgA and its subclasses. Serum IgG 1 was significantly decreased in IgA 1 type MM patients ( P <0.05). The levels of serum IgG, IgA and IgG 1 in relapsed ALL patients were all significantly lower than those in normal controls ( P <0.05), and IgA 1 and IgA 2 were not able to be detected in most of those patients. Furthermore a positive relationship between serum IgG 1 and IL-4 levels ( r =0.710, P <0.05) was found. Conclusion MM and lymphocytic leukemia patients are susceptible to be deficient in immunoglobulin G and A subclasses.