| Institution: | 1. Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany;2. Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany;3. German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany;4. Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany;5. Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany;6. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany;7. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands;8. Department of Internal Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany;9. Joint Heidelberg-IDC Transnational Diabetes Program, Internal Medicine I, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany;1. Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China;2. Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China;3. The Xuzhou Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China;1. Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou 510515, China;2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China;3. Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China;1. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy;2. Department of Epidemiology, Azienda Zero, Veneto Region, Padua, Italy;1. Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China;2. Department of Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China |
| Abstract: | Background and aimsPrediabetes and its risk factors are difficult to recognize because there may be no clear symptoms in that stage of diabetes mellitus (DM) progression. This cross-sectional study aims to examine associations between prediabetes and potential risk factors among adult population without previously diagnosed non-communicable diseases.Methods and resultsStudy participants (n = 30823) were selected all over China. Their dietary, life behavior and laboratory data were obtained through questionnaires, physical examination or biochemical measurement. Factor analysis was applied to identify dietary patterns. Non-proportional odds model was applied to analyze associations between those data and stages of DM progression. The prevalence of prediabetes and DM was 20.6% and 4.5%, respectively. Two dietary patterns were identified: the first pattern was characterized by high consumption of diverse plant- and animal-based food items, and the second pattern was characterized by high consumption of starchy food items. The risk of prediabetes was inversely associated with sufficient sleep duration (OR: 0.939, 95% CI: 0.888–0.993) and the second pattern (OR: 0.882, 95% CI: 0.850–0.914), but not significantly associated with the first pattern (OR: 1.030, 95% CI: 0.995–1.067). High density lipoprotein cholesterol was inversely associated with DM risk (OR: 0.811, 95% CI: 0.667–0.986) but not prediabetes (OR: 1.035, 95% CI: 0.942–1.137).ConclusionsThe prevalence of undetected prediabetes was high among adult population, and some factors may exert different effects on different stages of DM progression. Dietary diversity, which was reflected by the first pattern to a certain extent, may be not significantly associated with risk of prediabetes. |
