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Association between estimated pulse wave velocity and risk of diabetes: A large sample size cohort study
Affiliation:1. Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China;2. Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China;3. The Xuzhou Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, China;1. College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China;2. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China;1. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy;2. Department of Epidemiology, Azienda Zero, Veneto Region, Padua, Italy;1. Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Calle 13 Sur 2901, Colonia Volcanes, C.P, 72420, Puebla, Mexico;2. Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, 07360, Mexico;1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;2. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;3. Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;4. Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Abstract:Background and aimEstimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) measurements have good agreement with PWV measurements. However, the relationship between ePWV and the risk of new-onset diabetes remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether ePWV was associated with new-onset diabetes.Methods and resultsBased on a secondary analysis of the Chinese Rich Health Care Group's cohort study, 211,809 participants who met the criteria were enrolled and divided into four groups based on the ePWV quartiles. Diabetes events are of interest as a result of the study. Over a mean follow-up of 3.12 years, 3000 male (1.41%) and 1173 female (0.55%) patients were diagnosed with new-onset diabetes. The cumulative incidence curves based on quartile subgroups showed that the Q4 group had a significantly higher overall incidence of diabetes than the other subgroups. A multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that ePWV was an independent predictor of new-onset diabetes (hazard ratio, 1.233; 95% confidence interval, 1.198–1.269; P < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the predictive value was higher than for age and blood pressure. The ePWV was treated as a continuous variable using MaxStat, which identified that the best cut-off point for diabetes risk was 8.47 m/s. A stratified analysis showed that the association between ePWV and the risk of diabetes remained significant in multiple strata.ConclusionsAn elevated ePWV was independently associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes in Chinese adults. Thus, ePWV may be a reliable indicator of the risk of early diabetes.
Keywords:Diabetes  Risk factors  Cohort study  ePWV  Arterial stiffness  ALT"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0040"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  alanine aminotransferase  AST"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0050"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  aspartate aminotransferase  BMI"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0060"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  body mass index  BUN"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0070"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  blood urea nitrogen  cfPWV"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0080"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity  DBP"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0090"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  diastolic blood pressure  ePWV"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0100"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  estimated pulse wave velocity  FPG"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0110"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  fasting plasma glucose  PWV"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0120"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  pulse wave velocity  HDL"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0130"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  high-density lipid cholesterol  LDL"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0140"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  low-density lipid cholesterol  MBP"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0150"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  mean blood pressure  SBP"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0160"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  systolic blood pressure  Scr"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0170"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  serum creatinine  TC"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0180"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  total cholesterol  TG"  },{"  #name"  :"  keyword"  ,"  $"  :{"  id"  :"  kwrd0190"  },"  $$"  :[{"  #name"  :"  text"  ,"  _"  :"  triglyceride
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