The association between meat intake and the risk of coronary heart disease in Korean men using the Framingham risk score: A prospective cohort study |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea;2. Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia;1. Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Western University, 268 Grosvenor Street, N6A 4V2, London, Ontario, Canada;2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, 1465 Richmond Street, N6G 2M1, London, Ontario, Canada;3. Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Joseph''s Health Care London, 268 Grosvenor Street, N6A 4V2, London, Ontario, Canada;4. ICES Western, 800 Commissioners Road East, N6A 5W9, London, Ontario, Canada;5. Lawson Health Research Institute, 750 Base Line Road East, Suite 300, N6C 2R5, London, Ontario, Canada;6. Department of Medicine, Western University, 800 Commissioners Road East, N6A 5W9, London, Ontario, Canada;7. Department of Family Medicine, Western University, 1465 Richmond Street, N6G 2M1, London, Ontario, Canada;8. Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Western University, 800 Commissioners Road East, N6A 5W9, London, Ontario, Canada;9. Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Western University, 800 Commissioners Road East, N6A 5W9, London, Ontario, Canada;10. Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, N6A 5C1, London, Ontario, Canada;1. Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control, The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China;2. Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Immunization Program, Wuzhong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China;3. Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Wuzhong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China;4. The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People''s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, China;5. Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China;6. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China;7. Public Health Research Center and Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China;1. Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia;2. University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Population Health, Medical Sciences Division, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom;3. University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Medical Sciences Division, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom;4. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Spain;1. Department of Nephrology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China;2. Department of Medical Statistics, Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen Univeristy, Guangzhou, China;3. Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China;4. Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China;5. Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Univeristy, ZhengZhou, China;6. Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China;7. Department of Nephrology, Jiujiang NO.1 People''s Hospital, Jiujiang, China;8. Department of Hematology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China;9. Department of Nephrology, DongGuan SongShan Lake Tungwah Hospital, DongGuan, China;10. Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China;11. Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Sixth People''s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univeristy, Shanghai, China;1. Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK;2. Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia;3. School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK;4. School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Background and aimsResearch suggests that meat intake may increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but most studies take place in Western countries, where the types and amount of meat products consumed differ from those in Asian countries. We aimed to identify the association between meat intake and CHD risk in Korean male adults, using the Framingham risk score.Methods and resultsWe used data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) Health Examinees (HEXA) study, including 13,293 Korean male adults. We estimated the association of meat intake with ≥20% 10-year CHD risk using Cox proportional hazards regression models to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subjects with the highest total meat intake had a 53% (model 4: HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.05–2.21) increased 10-year CHD risk compared to those with the lowest intake. Those with the highest red meat intake had a 55% (model 3: HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.16–2.06) increased 10-year CHD risk compared to those with the lowest intake. No association was observed between poultry or processed meat intake and 10-year CHD risk.ConclusionsConsumption of total meat and red meat was associated with a higher risk of CHD in Korean male adults. Further studies are needed to provide criteria for the appropriate meat intake by meat type to reduce CHD risk. |
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| Keywords: | Meat Fat content Coronary heart disease HEXA CHD" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0035" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Coronary heart disease KoGES_HEXA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0045" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Korean genome and epidemiology study_health examinees CVD" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0055" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Cardiovascular disease LDL-C" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0065" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol FRS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0075" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Framingham risk score FFQ" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0085" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Food frequency questionnaire HDL-C" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0095" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" High-density lipoprotein cholesterol BP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0105" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Blood pressure BMI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0115" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Body mass index SBP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0125" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Systolic blood pressure DBP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0135" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Diastolic blood pressure TC" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0145" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Total cholesterol TG" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0155" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Triglyceride SFA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0165" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Saturated fatty acid TFA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0175" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Trans fatty acid KDRIs" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0185" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans AMDR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0195" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range |
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