北京市2005年18岁及以上居民主要慢性病的流行特征和防治水平调查

目的了解北京市主要慢性病的流行特征和防治水平。方法于2005年910月份采用多阶段等比例分层整群抽样的方法调查北京市18岁以上16658名常住居民，调查方法包括问卷调查、体格测量和实验室检查。结果患病率、知晓率、服药率和控制率，高血压分别为29．1％、49．3％、42．3％和10．6％，糖尿病分别为8．8％、56．7％、50．0％和15．0％，血脂异常分别为33．2％、31．1％、13．0％和4．3％；代谢综合征患病率为22．9％；急性心肌梗死和脑卒中的患病率分别为8．1‰和18．4‰。除糖尿病外，高血压、血脂异常、代谢综合征、急性心肌梗死和脑卒中的患病率都是郊区县人群高于城区。18～50岁人群上述慢性病的患病率男性显著高于女性，50岁后女性的患病水平逐渐赶上甚至超过男性。结论北京市18岁以上常住居民中主要慢性病患病率高于既往调查资料，郊区人群患病水平已超过市区人群。应根据新的流行特点，调整和加强北京市慢性病防治的工作重点。

Studies on prevalence and control of several common chronic diseases among Beijing adults in 2005

Objective To understand the prevalence and control of several common chronic disease in Beijing adults. Methods 16 658 adult residents were randomly selected with stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method. Each participant was invited to receive a set of standardized questionnaire, physical examinations and laboratory tests. Results Data showed that the prevalence, awareness, treatment and the rate of control on hypertension among the adults in Beijing were 29.1%, 49.3%, 42.3% and 10.6% respectively. The counterparts of diabetes mellitus were 8.8%, 56.7%, 50.0% and 15.0%. The four corresponding figures for dyslipidemia were 33.2%, 31.1%, 13.0% and 4.3%, respectively. 22.9% of the Beijing adults had metabolic syndrome including 8.1%o suffering from myocardial infarction and 18.4%o from stroke. Except for diabetes, all the chronic diseases had higher prevalence rate in rural area than in urban area, according to the findings under our study. Postmenopausal women were more susceptible to chronic disease than men. Conclusion The prevalence rate of chronic disease in P, eijing was still high. The prevalence rate in rural area had exceeded the level in urban area. Adjustment and attention should be made according to the prevalence features and weakness existed in present chronic disease control strategy.