肝癌合并肝动脉-门静脉分流影响门静脉血流动力学的定量研究

目的　通过门静脉系统置管直接测定肝动脉 门静脉分流 (APS)栓塞前后门静脉压力的改变 ;定量分析门静脉压力与门静脉高压症之间的变化关系。方法　对 18例肝癌合并中央型APS患者APS栓塞和肝动脉化疗栓塞术 (TACE) ,同时行经皮门静脉穿刺置管 ,测定APS分流道闭塞前后门静脉压力 ;术前及术后 2周行肝脏彩超及胃镜检查。结果　 18例患者术后门静脉主干压力显著降低 ,下降幅度为 5 .4 %～ 33.3% ,平均降幅为 2 0 .1% ;栓塞后门静脉直径缩小 ,血流速度加快 (P <0 .0 1) ;13例门静脉主干呈离肝血流患者 ,术后有 7例转为向肝方向。APS栓塞后 ,18例患者门静脉高压症状均有改善 ,在门静脉压下降幅度超过 2 0 %的 10例患者中 ,门静脉高压症有明显改善 ;门静脉压力下降在 2 0 %以下的8例患者中 ,门静脉高压症改善不明显。结论　栓塞APS能显著降低门静脉压力 ,平均降幅达 2 0 %以上 ;当门静脉压力降低 2 0 %及以上时可有效地改善腹水、上消化道出血和顽固性腹泻症等一系列门静脉高压症状

Quantitative study of the hemodynamic changes of portal vein in hepatocellular carcinoma with arterioportal shunts

Objective To measure the changes of portal venous pressure before and after APS by percutanous portal vein catheterization and to quantitatively analyse the correlation between portal pressure and portal hypertension.Methods All the 18 central arterioportal shunts (APS) patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were treated with embolization of APS and TACE, and the pressure of portal vein was measured by percutaneous portal vein catheterization pre- and post-embolization of APS. Color dopplar sonography and endoscopy were employed to investigate before and 2 weeks after embolization in all patients. Results The pressure of portal vein decreased significantly after embolization, and the decreased rate was 5.4%-33.3% with the mean rate 20.1%. After the embolization, the width of portal vein decreased and the blood flow velocity of portal vein increased significantly, P<0.01. Hepatofugal portal venous flow was seen in 13 patients before embolization, and restored to hepatopetal flow in 7 patients after embolization. In the 10 patients with more than 20% decrease in portal venous pressure, the portal hypertension improved markedly; while in other 8 patients with less than 20 percent decrease in portal venous pressure, the clinical symptoms of portal hypertension did not improve as much.Conclusions Embolization of APS can decrease portal venous pressure, with the mean decreasing rate over 20%. Decreasing by 20% or more of portal venous pressure can improve effectively the portal hypertension symptoms including ascites, variceal bleeding, and diarrhea.