虚拟心脏搭桥手术模型雕塑系统的研究

目的利用力反馈装置在虚拟三维环境中实现抓取和变形等操作,模拟心血管手术中的血管搭桥术式。方法利用医院中真实病人的CT扫描数字图片重建出心脏可视化模型并进行显示,建立搭桥血管,然后利用力反馈装置对血管模型进行雕塑,以模拟Fontan手术中从肺动脉到右心室的血管搭桥手术。结果在虚拟三维环境中显示心脏的空间结构,选择任意长度和直径的血管进行虚拟搭桥仿真,或选择自定义大小的补片对模型进行修补,最终得到术后模型和测量参数。结论力反馈装置在虚拟心脏搭桥手术中的应用为今后模拟各种手术术式、建立包含力学特性的手术规划系统奠定了基础。

Model sculpture for virtual coronary artery bypass operation

Objective To conduct the operation of capture and deformation in virtual three-dimensional (3D) environment with force feedback device and simulate the coronary artery bypass operation. Methods Based on data collected from real CT images of the patient with heart disease, digitized visual model of the heart was reconstructed. Then the bypass vessel was built and the vessel model was sculptured by force feedback device to simulate the bypass surgery from pulmonary artery to ventriculus dexter in Fontan operation. Results Space structure of the heart was shown in the virtual 3D reconstructed environment. Bypass vessel with any diameter and angle was transformed to simulate the coronary artery bypass operation. Heart patch with any size was built to repair the heart model. The satisfactory model and parameters of the postoperative model were finally achieved. Conclusions The application of force feedback device in virtual coronary artery bypass operation sets the stage for cardiovascular surgery planning system with mechanical characteristics to simulate multiple modalities of such operation.