基于主成分分析和谐波拟合的LS识别肾脏切除大鼠脉搏波的特征分析研究

目的研究一侧肾脏切除术前后大鼠脉搏波的变化规律并寻找组成该变化的特征参数。方法在麻醉状态下,采集大鼠双侧股动脉脉搏波后,将动物分为两组行左侧或右侧肾脏切除手术。分别在手术后第0 d和第11 d再次进行脉搏波的采集。在对脉诊信息预处理后选取连续的多个周期的脉搏波作为研究对象,对各个周期进行6次谐波的最小二乘回归（LS）并建立数学模型,获取33个特征参数,根据上述参数对肾脏一侧切除大鼠的脉搏波进行特征分析和分类判决,寻找出该模型大鼠脉搏波的特征参数。结果不同状态下大鼠的体表脉搏波会出现相应的变化,其变化呈现一定的规律。在肾脏一侧切除术后,对侧的脉搏波变化较为显著。不同侧手术的大鼠恢复后的脉搏波变化特征有所不同,第四谐波产生了共同性的特征变化。结论一侧肾脏切除大鼠的机体变化可以在股动脉的脉搏波中得到体现并在特定谐波中呈现较强的特征性。研究为机体体表的动脉都可以一定程度地反映机体内脏的生理病理信息的理论提供了科学的证明,为中医＂独取寸口＂的诊脉方法提供了一定的科学依据。

Characteristic Analysis on Pulse Wave Based on Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and Harmonious Wave Fitting LS Identification in the Rats with Nephrectomy

Objective To study the change rule of pulse waves before and after unilateral nephrectomy in rats and search the characteristic parameters of the change.Methods Under anesthesia state,after the pulse waves of bilateral femoral arteries collected in rats,the animals were divided into two groups for unilateral nephrectomy on either side.Separately,the pulse waves were collected once again on the 0d and 11d after operation.After pre-treatment of pulse diagnostic information,the pulse waves collected continuously for several cycles were taken as the subjects.The least-squares regression（LSQ regression）was applied to 6 harmonious fittings in each cycle and the mathematic model was set up.Hence,33 characteristic parameters were obtained.In light of the parameters above,the characteristic analysis and classification on the pulse waves were done for the rats with unilateral nephrectomy;and the characteristic parameters of the pulse waves were found out.Results The pulse waves changed correspondingly under different states for the rats,and a certain change rule was displayed.After unilateral nephrectomy,the changes in the pulse waves on the contralateral side were significant.The change characteristics of pulse waves were different for the rats with the operation on different sides after recovery.The 4th harmonics generated a common characteristic change.Conclusion The organic change of the rats with unilateral nephrectomy may be displayed in the pulse waves of femoral artery and the quite strong characteristics may be discovered in a specific harmonics.This research provides the scientific evidence that the artery on the organic body surface may reflect the physiological and pathological information of the internal organ to a certain extent.Additionally,it provides a scientific evidence for the diagnostic method on chunkou region in traditional Chinese medicine.