青少年精神分裂症和孤独症儿童的听觉P300比较研究

目的 探讨青少年精神分裂症（AS）和孤独症儿童（AC）在P300检测中的不同特点.方法 收集符合ICD-10诊断标准的32例AS患者和30例AC以及40例健康儿童对照组（NC）.使用美国仪器以及＂听觉靶-非靶刺激序列＂为诱发事件,完成P300检测.结果 （1）AS组、AC组和NC组在靶潜伏期Oz脑区N2以及在靶波幅Oz脑区P3和非靶波幅Oz脑区P2上均有显著差异（P＜0.01）;（2）AC主成分N2表现为延迟,与NC组和AS组有极显著性差异（P＜0.01）;（3）AS组和AC组靶波幅P3和非靶波幅P2均见降低,与NC组比较具有显著性差异（P＜0.05～＜0.01）.结论 P300可作为AS和AC辅助评定的一个脑电生理学指标.P300检查可作为儿童精神科的必查项目.

A comparative study of P300 between patients with adolescent schizophrenia and autistic children

Objective To investigate the changes of event related potentials P300 in patients suffering from adolescent schizophrenia （AS） and autistic disorders （AC）. Methods An ＇oddbalPparadigm was used to elicit the auditory P300 from 32 patients diagnosed AS according to ICD-10, 30 patients with AC, and 40 healthy age--matched controls （NC）, with a Nicolet Bravo Instrument. Results A significant difference of P300 among the three groups was found in both latencies （O2/N2） and amplitudes （O2/P3,O2/P2） （P 〈 0.01） measurements. Compared with NC and AS groups, AC group showed prolonged latency （P 〈 0.01） and decreased amplitude （P ~ 0.01）. Compared with NC groups, AS and AC patients showed decreased P3 amplitude from target and P2 amplitude from nontarget （ P 〈0.05 or 0.01）. Conclusions Auditory P300 could served as a physiological index in the reflection of the cognitive disorder in AS and AC.