自我管理训练对精神分裂症患者康复的影响

目的探讨自我管理训练对精神分裂症患者自理行为和康复状态的影响。方法将即将出院的294例住院精神分裂症患者分为研究组和对照组，两组患者在“临床痊愈”出院前后均按医嘱进行常规的精神药物治疗和护理，并给予一般的心理护理，研究组在此基础上进行自我管理训练。采用Morning Side康复状态量表和自理行为调查表，于训练前和训练1年后进行评估。结果训练前后组内比较及训练后两组间比较，康复状态和自理行为的日常生活能力、药物自我处置、症状自我处置、心理自我调节、社会交往行为因子分差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；出院1年后研究组复发率4．11％，对照组复发率16．22％，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论精神分裂症患者出院回归社会前进行自我管理训练可提高其自理行为，促进康复和社会适应，降低复发率。

The effect of self-management training on the rehabilitaftion of patients with schizophrenia

Objective To evaluate the effect of self- management training on the self- management behaviors and rehabilitation in patients with schizophrenia. Methods Two hundred and ninty - four clinical recovery patients with schizophrenia were divided into two groups before discharge. All the patients received routine antipsychotic drug treatment,nursing care and psychological instruction. In addition, the patients in the experimental group received self- management training. All the patients were evaluated with Morning Side Rehabilitation Scale （MSRS） and self- care behaviors questionnaire before and one year after the training. Results There were significant differences in the score of MSRS and factor scores of activities of daily living,medication management, symptom management,psychological adjustment and social interactions between the two groups after the training,as well as within group before and after the training （ P 〈0.05 ）. The one - year relapse rate was significantly lower in the experimental group than that of control group （4.11% vs. 16.22% , P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Self - management training for patients with schizophrenia before discharge can improve the self - management ability,promote rehabilitation and social function and reduce relapse rate.