心脏起搏器植入患者随访中的健康教育需求和对策

目的调查并分析心脏起搏器植入患者出院后的健康教育需求,探讨健康教育参与的必要性和可行性。方法采用方便抽样的方法,抽取2008年1-10月在陕西省安康市中心医院心内科安装永久性心脏起搏器后随访的108例患者进行健康教育需求问卷调查。结果所有患者都有起搏器健康教育知识需求（100%）;1年内随访患者的需求排前5位的是：如何随访（100%）、对日常生活的影响（100%）、家用电器对起搏器有何影响（100%）、并发症如何观察和预防（100%）、出院后的活动及功能锻炼（100%）;教育方式需求度最高的是医护人员当面指导和小册子等文字说明。1年后随访患者的需求排列前5位的是：如何进行自检（89.2%）、介意别人把自己看成＂起搏器植入患者＂（86.1%）、如何维护（83.1%）、担心故障（80.0%）、更换起搏器的指征和注意事项（75.3%）;教育方式需求度最高的是同种患者互相交流、电话咨询。结论心脏起搏器植入患者随访中健康教育需求度很高,应根据患者术后的不同阶段选择有针对性的健康教育内容和方式。

Demands Analysis and Countermeasures of Health Nursing Education on Patients' follow-up after Permanent Cardiac Pacemaker Implantation

Objective To investigate and analyze the demands of health education on the discharged patients with permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation and to explore the necessity and feasibility of nurses＇ involvement in health nursing education. Methods A total of 108 patients with permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation were selected and investigated through a questionnaire on health education demands at cardiology department of Ankang central hospital from Jan to Oct 2008. Results All Patients had health education demands on cardiac pacemaker implantation （100%）. At the first year, the five major needs were： how to perfume a patient＇s follow-up （100%）, the effects on daily life （100%）, the impact of household electric appliances（ 100 %）, how to observe and prevent the complications （100%）, activity and dirigation after discharge（100%）. The most needed education method was face to face guidance by doctors and booklets. After 1 year, the five major needs were ： How to make a self-examination （89.2%）, sensitivity when considered as a ＂pacemaker person＂ by other people （86. 1%）, maintenance methods （83.1%）, uneasiness for equipment failure （80. 0%）, indications and precautions for replacement of cardiac pacemaker （75.3 %）. The most needed health education method was peer education and call communication. Conclusion The demands of health education in patients＇ follow-up after permanent cardiac pace- maker implantation were high. The specific contents and methods of health education are suggested for patients on different post-operative stages.