大鼠心肌细胞形态学增龄变化的定量研究

目的　探讨大鼠心肌细胞的增龄变化规律。　方法　取雄性大鼠 30只 ,分为幼年组 (出生后 2 0～ 2 5d)、青年组 (3～ 5月 )和老年组 (13～ 15月 )。常规石蜡切片 ,磷钨酸苏木精染色 ,图像分析仪测量心肌细胞的胞面积、核面积、核浆比和核椭圆度。　结果　随着年龄增长 :1 心肌细胞面积、核面积增大 ,核浆比降低 ,核椭圆度增高。 2 心室的细胞面积大于心房 ,左心房、左心室的细胞面积大于右心房、右心室 ,室间隔的细胞面积介于左右心室之间。 3 心肌细胞增粗增长 ,闰盘逐渐清晰、复杂。　结论　细胞核的增长速度相对慢于细胞的增长速度 ;细胞核的形态由圆形逐渐变为椭圆形 ;圆形细胞核是细胞幼稚的重要特征之一 ;心房较心室更具幼稚性。

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSES OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF MYOCARDIAC CELLS ASSOCIATED WITH AGE IN RATS

Objective To study the regularities of myocardiac cells with age increasing. Methods 30 male rats were used in the experiment and divided into three groups:infant group (20\|25 day), young group (3\|5 month) and old group (13\|15 month). Routine paraffine sections were made for PTAH staining and data of cell area, nuclear area, ratio of nucleus to cytoplasm, nuclear ellipticity were measured by image computer analyzer. Results With advancing age:1\^ Cell area and nuclear area became larger; the ratio of nucleus to cytoplasm was declined; nuclear ellipticity turned high. 2\^The cell area of ventricular myocytes was bigger than that of atrial myocytes, the cell area of left atrial myocytes and left ventricular myocytes was bigger than that of right ones, and the cell area of interventricular septum was between that of right ventricular myocytes and left ones. 3\^ Myocardiac cells became thicker and longer; intercalated disc got distinct and complex.Conclusion The growth of nuclei seem to slower than that of myocardiac cells; the morphology of nucleus changes from round to ellipse; Round nucleus is one of important features of young cells; the cells in atrium is younger than that of ventricle.