氯化锂抑制K562白血病细胞增殖及诱导凋亡机理的研究

本研究旨在探讨氯化锂(LiCl)在体外抑制K562白血病细胞增殖和诱导凋亡的机制。在细胞培养体系中加入LiCl(30mmol/L)进行培养;以流式细胞术分析细胞周期;用半定量RTPCR检测bcr/abl融合基因mRNA的表达;用原子吸收光谱仪检测不同时间点细胞内Li 浓度及Na 、K 通道阻断剂TTX、FSK分别对细胞内Li 浓度的影响,并观察了Na 、K 通道阻断剂对LiCl抑制细胞生长的作用。结果显示:LiCl(30mmol/L)导致K562白血病细胞出现G2/M期阻滞,bcr/ablmRNA表达下降,细胞内Li 的浓度从30分钟开始增加,在2小时达高峰,以后逐渐下降,4小时达到平衡;Na 、K 通道阻断剂TTX(3.4×10-7mol/L)与FSK(5×10-5mol/L)分别阻断Na 、K 通道后可升高细胞内Li 的浓度,并增加LiCl对K562白血病细胞增殖的抑制作用。结论:LiCl诱导K562细胞增殖抑制和凋亡的机制可能与K562细胞G2/M期阻滞、下调bcr/ablmRNA的表达及Na 、K 通道被阻断后Li 通道的状态有关。

Mechanism of Lithium Chloride-Induced Proliferation Inhibition and Apoptosis of K562 Leukemic Cells

To investigate the mechanism of proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of K562 leukemia cells by lithium chloride (LiCl), after K562 cells were treated with LiCl (30 mmol/L) cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry (FCM) and the expression of bcr/abl fusion gene mRNA was evaluated by RT-PCR. The intracellular Li concentrations of K562 cells were determined at different time after treated with 30 mmol/L LiCl and the effects of TTX and FSK on intracellular Li concentrations of K562 cells were also detected by atomic absorption spectrometry. The effects of TTX and FSK on LiCl-induced growth inhibition of K562 cells were determined by cell counting in liquid culture. The results showed that LiCl (30 mmol/L) caused a sustained arrest in G_2/M cell cycle and down-regulated the bcr/abl mRNA expression in K562 cells, the intracellular Li concentration of K562 cells increased at 30 minutes after treated with 30 mmol/L LiCl and reached apex at 2 hours, thereafter, gradually decreased and balanced at 4 hours after the treatment. If either Na channel was pre-blocked with TTX or K channel was pre-blocked with FSK, the intracellular Li concentrations of K562 cells treated with 30 mmol/L LiCl were higher than that in the cells just treated with LiCl without pre-blocking. Furthermore, after pre-blocking either Na channel with TTX or K channel with FSK, the inhibition rate of K562 cell growth by 30 mmol/L LiCl could be increased. It is concluded that the mechanism of proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of K562 leukemia cells induced by LiCl is probably related with the G_2/M cell cycle arrest, the bcr/abl mRNA expression down-regulation and the status of Na , K , or Li ion channels on K562 leukemia cells.