乳管内窥镜在合并甲状腺功能低下或垂体瘤的双侧乳头溢液中的应用

目的 探讨合并甲状腺功能低下或垂体瘤的双侧乳头溢液与乳腺导管内病变的关系.方法 对222例临床确诊的甲状腺功能低下(94例)和垂体瘤(128例)患者行乳管镜检查.结果 222例患者中有64例乳管镜诊断为乳腺导管内乳头状瘤,158例诊断为导管扩张炎症.64例均行手术治疗,术后病理证实59例为导管内乳头状瘤,5例为导管扩张性炎症,病理符合率为92.18%(59/64),未见乳腺癌.合并甲状腺功能低下或垂体瘤的双侧乳头溢液患者各民族之间分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);绝经前的合并垂体瘤的患者发生导管病变的概率高于甲状腺功能低下患者,而绝经后甲状腺功能低下患者发生导管病变的概率高于垂体瘤患者(P<0.05);合并垂体瘤的乳头溢液多为乳汁样,而合并甲状腺功能低下的乳头溢液多为清水样.本组乳管内乳头状瘤约71.19%发生在主导管以下的分支导管.结论 合并甲状腺功能低下或垂体瘤的双侧乳头溢液患者要考虑到发生导管内病变的可能.乳管镜是较为适宜的检查方法.

Application of milk duct scope in bilateral nipple discharge patients with hypothyroidism or pituitary tumor

Objective To investigate whether the bilateral nipple discharge with the background of hypothyroidism and pituitary tumor causes intraductal neoplasm. Methods Clinical data of 222 bilateral nipple discharge patients with hypothyroidism or pituitary tumor undergoing mammary ductoseopy (MDS) examination were analyzed. Those diagnosed as intraductal papilloma received surgery and pathological exam. 158 cases with inflammatory comedomastitis diagnosed by MDS received milk duct washing with gentamycin, dexamethasone and corresponding medical treatment. Results Among the 222 cases, 158 cases(71.17%) were diagnosed as inflammatory comedomastitis by MDS, 64 cases (28.83%) were diagnosed as intraduetal papilloma (64/222) by MDS and received operation,59 cases were pathologically diagnosed as intraductal papilloma,the other 5 cases were pathologically diagnosed as mammary duct ectasia. The pathological coincidence was 92.2% and no breast cancer was observed. 68.10% of inflammatory comedomastitis cases suffered from breast pain. There were no significant difference in the disease distribution of the ethnic groups. During pre-menopause period, the incidence of period neoplasia is higher in pituitary tumor than hypothyroidism; However, during the post-menopause the situation was vice versa. The color of niplle discharge is mostly milk-like in patients with pituitary tumor, while serous in patients with hypothyroidism. 71.19% of duct papilloma locate at the branch of the main duct. Conclusion The bilateral nipple discharge with hypothyroidism or pituitary are usually concomitant with intraduetal lesions. Mammary ductosopy is helpful to discover intraduetal neoplasia.