贵港市孕妇贫血现状分析

目的了解贵港市孕妇贫血的现状，分析贫血的类型及原因，为进一步做好孕产期保健工作提供依据。方法对2012年1月至12月来贵港市人民医院产科初次产检的3852例孕妇进行血红蛋白（Hb）、红细胞平均体积（MCV）、贫血3项（包括血清铁、叶酸、维生素B12）、血红蛋白电泳、地贫基因检测等检查，分析贫血发生情况。结果3852例孕妇中，贫血孕妇1295例，患病率为33．6％，其中孕早、中、晚期贫血发生率依次为10．3％、35．7％和45．8％，孕晚期组贫血患病率高于孕早期组及孕中期组，差异有统计学意：L（χ2值分别为327．0和16．0，均P=0．000）；缺铁性贫血、地中海贫血、巨幼红细胞性贫血的患病率分别为22．9％、9．4％和1．3％，占贫血比例分别为68．1％、28．0％和3．9％；城镇、农村孕妇贫血患病率分别为26．7％和46．3％，两者比较有显著性差异（χ2=142．2，P=0．000）。结论随着孕周增加，孕妇贫血患病率逐渐增加；农村孕妇贫血患病率高于城镇；本市属地中海贫血高发区，但孕期妇女贫血主要表现仍为缺铁性贫血。

Analysis of anemia of pregnant women in Guigang City

Objective To investigate the prevalence of anemia and its type and causes in pregnant women in Guigang City, so as to provide evidence for further medical service at pregnancy. Methods Between January 2012 and December 2012, 3 852 pregnant women who accepted their first antenatal care at the People＇ Hospital of Guigang City were included, and the anemia relevant factors were analyzed, including hemoglobin （Hb） , mean corpuscular volume （MCV） , serum iron, folic acid and vitamin B12, hemoglobin electrophoresis and thalassemia gene. Results Among 3 852 cases of pregnant women, 1 295 cases suffered from anemia, and the prevalence was 33.6%. The incidence of anemia in early, middle and late pregnancy was 10.3% , 35.7% and 45.8% , respectively. The prevalence of anemia in late pregnancy group was higher than that of early pregnancy group and middle pregnancy group, and the difference was significant （χ2 value was 327.0 and 16.0, respectively, both P = 0. 000 ）. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia, thalassemia anemia and megaloblastic anemia was 22.9% , 9.4% and 1.3% , respectively, and it accounted for 68. 1% , 28.0% and 3.9% of anemia respectively. The prevalence of anemia of town and rural pregnant women was 26.7% and 46.3% , respectively, and there was significant difference between them （χ2 = 142.2,P =0. 000）. Conclusion With the increase of gestational week, the prevalence of anemia increases gradually. It is higher in rural pregnant women than in town pregnant women. Although Guigang City is an area with high incidence of thalassemia anemia, iron deficiency anemia is the main type of anemia in pregnant women.