肠杆菌科细菌分布及耐药分析

目的 动态观察并分析该院临床标本分离的肠杆菌科细菌的分布及耐药情况.方法 采用2000年美国临床实验室标准化委员会(NCCLS)颁布的纸片扩散法中的筛选试验和确认试验,药敏试验采用K-B法.结果 最常见的肠杆菌科细菌为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、福氏志贺菌、变形杆菌属和沙雷菌属.耐药分析显示,亚胺培南一直对所有常见肠杆菌科细菌保持良好的抗菌活性,其次为阿米卡星、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和头孢吡肟/舒巴坦.氟喹诺酮类药物对除大肠埃希菌以外的其他肠杆菌细菌抗菌活性好.大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶的比例逐年增高.结论 院内细菌耐药性监测不仅能指导临床合理使用抗菌药,还能延缓耐药性的产生和蔓延.

Distribution and drug resistance analysis in Enterobacteriaceae bacteria

Objective To dynamically observe and analyze the distribution and drug resistance of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria isolated from the clinical specimens in this hospital.Methods The screening test and verification test in the disc diffusion method promulgated by the the American Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS) in 2000 were adopted.The drug sensitivity test used K-B method.Results The most common Enterobacteriaceae bacteria were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Shigella flexneri,proteus and Serratia.The drug resistance analysis showed that imipenem always matained good antibacterial activity to all common Enterobacteriaceae bacteria,followed by amikacin,cefoperazone/ sulbactam and cefepime/sulbactam.Fluoroquinolones had good antibacterial activity to other Enterobacteriaceae bacteria except Escherichia coli.The proportion of Escherichia coli and ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was increased year by year.Conclusion The drug resistance surveillance of nosocomial bacteria can not only guide clinical rational use of antibacterial drugs,but also delay the production and spread of drug resistance.