胃肠神经内分泌肿瘤和胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤的区别

胃肠胰神经内分泌肿瘤（GEP-NETs）主要来源于胃肠胰系统的神经内分泌细胞,这一细胞系统和肿瘤是以表达细胞类型特异的肽激素和普通标记物（突触囊泡蛋白、铬粒素A）为特征。其特点为：临床上少见;肿瘤通常较小（〈1 cm）;生长速度较慢（数月或数年）,呈阶段性表达,可能数年无症状;通常在出现症状前即有转移,转移部位多为肝脏和骨,而此时肿瘤的体积通常〉2cm。因此这类肿瘤经常被误诊,诊断过程较复杂,不单单依靠临床,往往需要高端的实验室和扫描手段支持。而GEP-NETs中胃肠神经内分泌肿瘤（NET）和胰腺NET,两者在临床表现、诊断和治疗方面也有不同,需要临床医生重视和加以区分。

Differentiation between gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

Gastrointestinal and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors （ GEP - NETs） are mainly derived from the neuroendocrine cells of the gastrointestinal -pancreatic system, which express cell type -specific peptide hormones and general markers （synaptie vesicle proteins and chromogranin A）. GEP- NETs have the following characteristics： they are rarely seen in the clinical setting; the tumor sizes are usually small （ 〈 1 era） ; tumors grow slowly （ for months or years）, with several stages of development, and they probably have no symptoms for year＇s; metastases often occur before onset of symptoms, with the liver and bones commonly affected, and the tumor sizes are larger than 2 cm at this time. Thus, GEP -NETs are often misdiagnosed; the diagnostic process is complex, not only relying on clinical manifestations, but also advanced laboratory and scanning means. Moreover, gastrointestinal NETs and pancreatic NETs differ in clinical manifestations, diagno- sis, and treatment, and clinicians need to pay more attention to differentiation between them.