PCR技术在甲型血友病基因诊断中的应用

甲型血友病是一种最常见的X连锁隐性遗传性出血性疾病,至今尚无满意的治疗方法,故进行有效的遗传控制,防止患儿出生十分必要.目前,国内外多采用FⅧ基因内及与FⅧ基因紧密连锁的限制酶片段长度多态性(RFLPs)为遗传标志,通过连锁分析进行携带者检出和高危胎儿出生前诊断.聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术利用一对寡核苷酸引物在体外扩增特异DNA片段,已广泛用于β地中海贫血突变基因的检测;此外,PCR还可检测限制酶位点的改变,通过RFLPs连锁分析诊断甲型血友病基因.本实验室采用PCR对4个甲型血友病家系进行基因连锁分析,其中包括3例高危胎儿的出生前基因诊断.

Gene diagnosis of hemophilia A by PCR]

DNA fragments containing restriction enzyme Bcl I or XbaI polymorphic sites within the gene of coagulation factor VIII were amplified, respectively. Carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia A were performed by analysis of the polymorphisms of the amplified DNA. This is a simple, fast and sensitive technique, especially for prenatal diagnosis with very small amounts of chorionic villi or amniocytes. Four families with hemophilia A were analyzed, and 3 cases at high risk for hemophilia A were diagnosed prenatally.