393例药品不良反应报告分析

目的：通过对8家医院药品不良反应（ADR）报告的统计分析,探讨我州习惯用药中药品不良反应发生的特点和规律,发掘警戒信号,提高药品不良反应监测工作质量,促进临床用药安全.方法：选取黔南州8家二、三级医院2012年上报的ADR报告表393例,采用EXCEL电子表格和筛选方法,对患者性别、年龄、给药途径、药物类别、联合用药、不良反应对原患疾病的影响及转归、累及系统及ADR表现等进行统计分析.结果：15～44岁的患者ADR发生率高,抗生素药品ADR发生频次最高,给药途径以静脉用药为主,ADR累及的系统-器官以皮肤及其附件的损害居多.结论：ADR的发生与诸多因素相关,包括患者年龄、药品种类、给药途径等,应加强药品不良反应监测工作,改变不良用药习惯,减少抗微生物药的应用和静脉给药比例,科学合理用药,确保公众用药安全、有效.

Analysis of 393 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions

Objective： To explore the characteristics and laws of adverse drug reactions （ADR） by analyzing adverse drug reactions occurring in eight hospitals , for the purpose of identifying warning signs, improving the quality of work at ADR monitoring and promoting clinical drag safety. Methods： A total of 393 cases of ADR （in 2012） from 8 hospitals （class -2 or above） in Qiannan were selected, and then the reports were analyzed using EXCEL and screening methods. The patients＇s gender, age, route of administration, drug classes, combination therapy , the ADR influence to the original illness, ADR prognosis, the involving systems and representation of ADR were analyzed. Results： Patients aged 15 to 44 years were with a high incidence of ADR. Antibiotic drugs had the highest frequency of ADR occurrence. The most common route of administration that led to ADR was intravenous administration. Skin and its appendages were most often damaged by ADR. Conclusion： ADR was associated with many factors including patients＇age, drug, route of administration, etc. In order to ensure safe and effective public medication, the work of monitoring ADR should be strengthened, rational administration of drug be given, bad medication taking behavior be changed, the frequency of using anti - microbial drugs and intravenous administration be reduced.