带气囊胃管在手术患者中应用研究分析

目的探讨带气囊胃管在手术病人中应用效果、安全性与不良反应。方法随机抽取择期与急诊手术病人200例，随机分为实验组及对照组各100例。实验组手术病例术前全部插入带气囊胃管，对照组手术病例全部都不插带气囊胃管直接进入手术过程及完成手术。结果实验组手术病例术中发生恶心23例、呕吐20例、寒颤13例、发烧3例。对照组术中出现恶心48例、呕吐38例、寒颤27例、发烧13例。实验组与对照组比较差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）。实验组术发生呼吸道误吸1例，呼吸道堵塞1例。对照组发生呼吸道误吸16例，呼吸道堵塞10例，引起窒息3例。实验组与对照组比较差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论手术前手术患者插上带气囊胃管，气囊充气封闭食道并且进行胃肠减压持续引流胃内容物，对防止术中病人呕吐和呕吐物误吸呼吸道引起呼吸道梗阻窒息，效果良好安全，值得临床推广使用。

Application of nasogastric tube with a balloon for surgical patients

Objective To explore the efficacy, safety, and adverse reactions ofnasogastric tube with a ballon for surgical patients. Methods 200 patients undergoing elective or emergency surgery were randomly divided into study group and control group, 100 patients for each group. The study group received preoperative insertion of nasogastric tube with a ballon while the control group received no insertion of the tube. Results In the study group, 23 patients developed postoperative nausea, 20 developed vomiting, 13 developed shiver, and 3 developed fever, while in the control group 48 occurred intraoperative nausea, 38 occurred vomiting, 27 occurred shiver, and 13 occurred fever, with a significant difference between the two group （ P〈 0.05 ）. In the study group, respiratory aspiration occurred in one patient and respiratory tract blockage occurred in one; whereas in the control group, respiratory aspiration occurred in 16 patients, respiratory tract blockage occurred in 10 patients, and asphyxia developed in 3, also with a significant difference （ P〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions Preoperative insertion of nasogastric tube with a ballon, closure of the esophagus with the inflated ballon, and gastrointestinal decompression and continuous drainage of gastric contents are the key to prevention of asphyxia due to aspiration after vomitting.