山东省中西部地区农村居民血压综合干预效果分析

目的了解山东省中西部地区农村居民血压水平的变化情况,评价人群干预措施血压控制效果。方法2007～2010年,在山东省中西部农村地区开展为期3年的慢病控制项目。2007年进行基线调查,按照多阶段随机抽样的方法,选取山东省中西部8个县(市、区),对25岁以上的农村常住人口进行问卷调查、体格及血压测量。干预期间对干预人群进行以合理膳食、适量运动、戒烟限酒等为核心内容的健康教育。2010年进行终期评估调查,干预组来自于基线的干预人群,对照组来自于非干预人群,分别进行与基线相同的问卷调查、体格及血压测量。利用2007年基线数据和2010年终期评估数据进行评价分析。结果 2007年基线调查人群平均收缩压、舒张压分别为134.46、83.50 mmHg,干预后2010年干预人群收缩压、舒张压分别为132.47、80.80 mmHg,对照人群为133.54、81.12 mmHg,2010年干预人群收缩压、舒张压较2007年基线水平明显下降(P<0.05);2010年干预人群血压低于2010年对照人群,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预前后男性收缩压、舒张压下降幅度大于女性,高年龄组高于低年龄组。结论慢病社区综合干预措施对降低及控制人群血压产生一定效果,男性及老年人群干预效果相对明显,中年劳动力人群干预措施需要进一步加强。

Evaluation of comprehensive intervention on blood pressure control in mid-western rural areas of Shandong Province

Objective To determine the change of blood pressure and evaluate the effect of community comprehensive lifestyle modification on blood pressure control in mid-western rural areas of Shandong Province.Methods A non-communicable disease control project was launched in mid-western rural areas of Shandong Province from 2007 to 2010.The baseline survey was performed using the multi-stage random sampling method in 8 counties of mid-western rural areas in 2007.Participants aged 25 and above were recruited to undergo a questionnaire survey,physical examination and blood pressure measurement.Health education focusing on a balance diet,physical activity promotion and tobacco & alcohol control was performed among the intervention population.The terminal survey using the same questionnaire with the baseline was performed in 2010,and the intervention group and control group were selected from intervention and non-intervention areas,respectively.The effect was evaluated compare the difference between the two surveys.Results Mean systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) in the baseline population in 2007 were 134.46 and 83.50 mmHg,respectively,and those in 2010 were 132.47 and 80.80 mmHg in the intervention group,and 133.54 and 81.12 mmHg in the control group.Significant decreases in SBP and DBP were found between the baseline in 2007 and the intervention group in 2010(P<0.05).Insignificant decreases were found between the intervention and control population in 2010(P>0.05),and there were more obvious decreases in males than in females,and in the elderly population than in the younger population.Conclusions Community comprehensive lifestyle modification exerts a significant effect on blood pressure control,especially on males and the elderly population.Intervention measures should be strengthened in middle-aged rural populations.