移栽与摘除首花对灯盏细辛种子生产的影响

目的 探讨移栽与摘除首花对灯盏细辛种子生产的影响。方法 采用移栽和摘除首花的正交试验设计，每3 天采种1次，测定每批种子的产量、千粒质量和发芽率。采种后测定植株地上部分产量和药用成分量。结果 移栽处理的种子成熟期延长了12 d，种子产量、千粒质量、发芽率比直播分别提高了2.33倍、26.2%和2.03倍，二者存在显著性差异（P＜0.05）。与不摘除首花植株相比，摘除首花处理的种子的产量、千粒质量、发芽率分别提高了19.4%、8.4%和58.8%，同样存在显著性差异（P＜0.05）。移栽与摘除首花具有交互作用，但无统计学意义的显著性。采种后，“直播×摘除首花”处理的植株地上部分有较高产量和药用成分。结论 移栽和摘除首花能有效地提高灯盏细辛种子产量和质量。

Effects of transplant and first inflorescence removal on seed production of Erigeron breviscapus

Objectives To investigate the effects of the transplant and first inflorescence removal on the seed production of Erigeron breviscapus. Methods Applying the orthogonal test in the transplant and the first inflorescence removal, the seeds of E. breviscapus were collected once every three day, and the seed yield, thousand seed weight, and germination percentage were measured. Results Significant difference were proved to exist between the transplant and non-transplant groups (P<0.05). In the transplant groups, the period of seed maturity was 12 d delay longer, seed yield 2.33 times more, thousand seed weight 26.2 % more, and germination percentage 2.03 times higher than those in the non-transplant groups. In the removal groups, seed yield was 19.4 % , thousand seed weight 8.4%, and germination percentage 58.8% more than those in the non-removal groups (P<0.05). The interaction existed between the transplant and the first inflorescence removal without statistically significances. Individuals of E. breviscapus under the treatments of non-transplant and the first inflorescence removal had the higher yield and contents of the two active components in the overground parts after seed harvesting. Conclusion Transplant and the first inflorescence removal could improve the seed yield and quality of E. breviscapus.