气管插管和切开患者嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌药敏分析

目的：分析气管插管、气管切开患者嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌药敏结果，指导临床用药。方法：对18例气管插管、7例气管切开患者痰培养的62株嗜麦芽窄食单胞;菌药物敏感的资料进行分析，药物敏感采用纸片法（Kirby-Bauer)测定。结果：多数抗生素对嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌耐药，100％耐药的抗生素有氨苄西林、氨曲南、头孢唑林钠、亚胺培南、呋喃坦啶；头孢呋辛97．3％耐药；头孢噻肟钠91．84％；庆大霉素84．91％；头孢曲松钠82．76％；四环素81．82％；阿米卡星71．19％；哌拉西林66％；替卡西林、替卡西林／克拉维酸（替门汀）60％；头孢他啶59．18％耐药。对抗生素敏感≥40％抗生素有羧苄西林、美洛西林、妥布霉素、甲氧苄啶、头孢他啶、替卡西林、替卡西林／克拉维酸。结论：气管插管、气管切开患者嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对大多数抗生素耐药；对抗生素敏感≥40％的抗生素为羧苄西林、美洛西林、甲氧苄啶、头孢他啶、替卡西林、替卡西林／克拉维酸。

Drug Sensitivity Tests for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Patients with Tracheal Intubation and Tracheostomy

OBJECTIVE To analyse drug sensitivity of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in patients with tracheal intubation and tracheostomy. METHODS To analyse 62 strains drug sensitivity of St. maltophilia in patients with 18 cases with tracheal cannula and 7 cases with tracheostomy incision. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by Kirby-Bauer method. RESULTS St. maltophilia were resistant to most antibiotics. There were 100% resistance rates to ampicillin, aztreonam, cefamezin, imipenem and nitrofurantoin. The resistance rates to cefuroxime was 97.3%; cefotaxime sodium 91.84%; gentamicin 84.91%; ceftriaxon sodium 82.76%; tetracycline 81.82% ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (Timentin) 60%; ceftazidime 59.18%. More than 40% sensitivity rates were to carbenicillin, mezlocillin, tobramycin, trimethoprim, ticarcillin and ticarcillin/clavulanic acid. CONCLUSIONS Most antibiotics were resistance to St. maltophilia in patients with tracheal intubation and tracheostomy. Antibiotics with more than 40% sensitivity rates were carbenicillin, mezlocillin, trimethoprim, ticarcillin, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid.