雌激素代谢基因COMT和CYP17单核苷酸多态与女性乳腺癌风险的关系

目的：研究参与雌激素合成的细胞色素P450c17(CYP17)和雌激素代谢解毒的儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶(COMT)基因多态与乳腺癌发生的关系。方法：以聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态方法,对250例乳腺癌患者和250例正常对照者的COMT基因第4外显子第158位密码子G／A(Val／Met)多态和CYP17基因启动子区-1931T／C多态进行分析。以logistic回归模型计算各种基因型的乳腺癌风险(DR)及其95％可信区限(95％CI)。结果：乳腺癌患者的COMT Met／Met基因型频率为10．4％,显著高于对照组的5．2％(P=0．03)。多因素分析显示,COMT Met／Met基因型患乳腺癌的风险比Val／Val或Val／Met基因型高2．1倍(95％a为1．1～4．5)。分层分析显示,COMT Met／Met基因型主要增加绝经前女性患乳腺癌的风险(OR4．1,95％CI为1．2～17.3),而不增加绝经后女性患乳腺癌的风险(OR 1．3,95％CI为0．5～3．5),提示该基因多态对乳腺癌风险的影响与雌激素水平有关。CYP17基因型频率在病例和对照组中的分布差异无显著性(P=O．83)。结论：COMT基因单核苷酸多态与乳腺癌易感性相关,Met／Met基因型增加乳腺癌风险,而CYP17基因多态与中国女性乳腺癌风险无相关性。

Relation between single nucleotide polymorphism in estrogen-metabolizing genes COMT, CYP17 and breast cancer risk among Chinese women

Objective To test the hypothesis whether polymorphism in estrogen-metabolizing genes, COMT and CYP17, impacts on the risk of breast cancer among Chinese women. Methods COMT (Val158Met) and CYP17 (T1931C) polymorphisms were detected by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in 250 breast cancer patients and 250 frequency-matched normal controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by unconditional logistic regression. Results COMT Met/Met genotype was found in 10.4% of breast cancer patients, which was significantly higher (P= 0.03) than that in controls (5.2%). Women with Met/Met genotype showed 2-fold increased risk for breast cancer (adjusted OR 2.1, 95%CI 1.1- 4.5 ) compared with those with Val/Val or Val/Met genotypes. Stratified analysis showed that the elevated risk of breast cancer, associating with the COMT Met/Met genotype, was evident only among premenopausal women (adjusted OR 4.1,95%CI 1.2-17.3) but not among postmenopausal women (adjusted OR 1.3,95%CI 0.5- 3.5 ). There was no significant difference in the distribution of CYP17 genotypes between breast cancer patients and the control subjects (P=0.83). Conclusion The allele encoding for low activity COMT, but not CYP17, may be a genetic risk factor for breast cancer among Chinese women.