多发性骨髓瘤流式细胞术免疫表型及微量残留病研究

目的 探讨MM细胞免疫表型特征及MRD检测的临床意义.方法 应用多参数流式细胞术检测16名健康对照者和172例MM患者的免疫表型.32例MM患者缓解后作MRD分析,同时进行跟踪随访,分析MRD阳性和阴性对MM患者的复发率和无病生存时间是否存在影响.结果 流式细胞术检测结果显示,16名健康对照者正常浆细胞CD38、CD 138、CD19、CD45均阳性,172例MM患者骨髓瘤细胞主要免疫表型为CD+38 172例(100.0%)、CD+138172例(100.0%)、CD-19 167例(97.1%)、CD+56 152例(88.4%)、CD-45 166例(96.5%),骨髓瘤细胞具有显著的特征性表型,即CD+38、CD+138、CD+56、CD-19、CD-45.32例MM患者缓解后进行MRD检测,其中14例MRD阴性,18例MRD阳性.随访2～16个月后,MRD阴性组4例复发(28.6%),MRD阳性组13例复发(72.2%),两组复发率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.03,P＜0.05).MRD阴性组累积无病生存时间中位数16.23(10.37～21.62)个月,明显长于MRD阳性组的10.07(3.79～16.20)个月,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.53,P＜0.05).结论 MM患者骨髓瘤细胞主要免疫表型特征是CD+38、CD+138、CD1-19、CD-45、CD+56.多发性骨髓瘤MRD检测可以作为临床预后的参考指标.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the characteristics of immunophenotyping and clinical significance of MRD analysis in MM patients. Methods Multi-parameter flow cytometry was applied to analyze the immunophenotyping of malignant plasma cells from 172 MM patients, and normal plasma cells from 16 healthy individuals. MRD was analyzed in 32 MM patients with remission. Meanwhile, the effects of MRD status on the disease relapse and patient disease free survival ( DFS ) time was evaluated by following up patients. Results The immunophenotyping of normal plasma cells were CD38, CD138, CD19 and CD45 positive, while the predominant phenotype of MM cells were CD+38( 100.0% ), CD+138( 100.0% ), CD-19 ( 167/172, 97. 1% ), CD+56( 152/172, 88.4% ) and CD-45( 166/172, 96. 5% ). The characteristic markers for MM cells were CD+38, CD-138, CD-19, CD-45 and CD+56. MRD analysis revealed that, among 32 MM patients with remission, 14 patients were MRD negative and 18 patients were MRD positive. During follow-up of 2 to 16 months, the relapse rate in MRD negative patients was significantly lower ( 4/14, 28.6% ) than that of MRD positive patients ( 13/18, 72. 2% ;χ2 =6. 03, P ＜0. 05 ). Furthermore, the DFS time was significantly longer in MRD negative patients[ 16. 23( 10. 37-21.62 )months ] than that of the MRD positive patients [ 10. 07( 3. 79-16. 20 )months,χ2 =7. 53,P ＜0. 05 ]. Conclusions CD+38, CD+138, CD-19, CD-45 and CD+56 are the characteristic markers of MM cells compared to those of the normal plasma cells. MRD analysis is a valuable prognostic factor for MM patients.

Flow cytometry immunophenotyping and minimal residual disease evaluation in multiple myeloma

Objective To investigate the characteristics of immunophenotyping and clinical significance of MRD analysis in MM patients. Methods Multi-parameter flow cytometry was applied to analyze the immunophenotyping of malignant plasma cells from 172 MM patients, and normal plasma cells from 16 healthy individuals. MRD was analyzed in 32 MM patients with remission. Meanwhile, the effects of MRD status on the disease relapse and patient disease free survival ( DFS ) time was evaluated by following up patients. Results The immunophenotyping of normal plasma cells were CD38, CD138, CD19 and CD45 positive, while the predominant phenotype of MM cells were CD+38( 100.0% ), CD+138( 100.0% ), CD-19 ( 167/172, 97. 1% ), CD+56( 152/172, 88.4% ) and CD-45( 166/172, 96. 5% ). The characteristic markers for MM cells were CD+38, CD-138, CD-19, CD-45 and CD+56. MRD analysis revealed that, among 32 MM patients with remission, 14 patients were MRD negative and 18 patients were MRD positive. During follow-up of 2 to 16 months, the relapse rate in MRD negative patients was significantly lower ( 4/14, 28.6% ) than that of MRD positive patients ( 13/18, 72. 2% ;χ2 =6. 03, P ＜0. 05 ). Furthermore, the DFS time was significantly longer in MRD negative patients[ 16. 23( 10. 37-21.62 )months ] than that of the MRD positive patients [ 10. 07( 3. 79-16. 20 )months,χ2 =7. 53,P ＜0. 05 ]. Conclusions CD+38, CD+138, CD-19, CD-45 and CD+56 are the characteristic markers of MM cells compared to those of the normal plasma cells. MRD analysis is a valuable prognostic factor for MM patients.