我国部分地区医院内医疗废物管理现状

目的了解我国部分地区医院内医疗废物管理工作实际情况，为医疗废物合理化管理提供参考。方法以吉林、江西、山东、湖北、湖南、甘肃、海南和上海等8省市的64所医院为调研对象，采用问卷调查、深入访谈和实地考察的方法进行调研。结果各所医院都无独立设置的医疗废物管理部门,其中47所（73.44%）医院由某一部门承担，17所（26.56%）医院由多部门联合管理。各医院制度最完备的是交接登记制度，有交接登记制度的医院占所调查医院的97.92%（47/48）；最少的是培训制度和监控检查制度，具有的医院分别仅占20.83%(10/48)和18.75%（9/48）。45所（70.31%）医院培训内容完全，其中综合医院比专科医院培训完全；29所（45.31%）医院防护用品配备完全；64所（100.00%）医院均用黄色包装袋对医疗废物进行盛装；49所（76.56%）医院的转运设备、设施提供完全，其中三级医院比二级医院配备更完全；60所（93.75%）医院设立了暂存站；51所（79.69%）医院采取集中处置方式。结论医院需成立医疗废物管理的专职部门，使内部制度与外部监管相统一，加强人员的培训与考核以及职业防护，进一步规范医疗废物管理流程。

Medical waste management at hospitals in some regions of China

Objective To realize the real status of medical waste management in some regions of China , so as to provide reference for rational management. Methods Sixty-four hospitals in 8 cities were as study subjects , questionnaire, in-depth interview and field visit were adopted. Results No hospital had the independent department in charging of medical waste, 47 hospitals （73. 44%） were charged by a certain department and 17 （26. 56%） by multi-sectors. The most complete system was the transfer registration system （97. 92%, 47/48） and the least complete systems were training （20. 83%, 10/48） and inspection system （18. 75 %, 9/48）. 45 hospitals （70. 31%） had complete training content, and general hospitals were more complete than specialized hospitals; 29 hospitals （45. 31%） had full protective equipments; 64 hospitals （ 100. 00%） collected medical waste with yellow bags; 49 hospitals （76. 56%） provided all necessary transferring equipment and facilities ; 60 hospitals （93. 75%） had temporary stations; 51 hospitals （79. 69%） use the centralized disposal method. Conclusion Hospitals need to set up a special department for medical waste management, internal system and external supervision should be unified, training and occupational protection should be improved, and the process of medical waste management should be standardized.