大豆皂甙对大鼠血脂及血液流变学影响

目的 研究大豆皂甙(soy asaponins,ss)对大鼠血脂及血液流变学影响,探讨大豆皂甙对心脑血管疾病干预作用.方法 健康雄性SD大鼠48只,根据体重与血清胆固醇水平,将动物分为:对照组、高脂模型组、阿司匹林(10 mg/kg)组、大豆皂甙20、40、80 mg/kg剂量组.连续灌胃10周后,测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)以及血流变指标.结果 20、40、80 mg/kg剂量大豆皂甙组TC分别为1.86、1.85、1.72 mmol/L,明显低于高脂模型组;与高脂模型组比较,大豆皂甙组TG及LDL水平降低,HDL含量增高.20、40、80 mg/kg剂量大豆皂甙组全血粘度切值分别为5.13、4.89、5.11 mpa·s,低于高脂模型组;大豆皂甙组红细胞压积、红细胞变形指数增高,血浆粘度、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞电泳指数降低,红细胞刚性指数改变不明显.结论 大豆皂甙具有调节大鼠血脂,避免血流缓慢、血栓形成,有利于心脑血管疾病的防治.

Influence of soyasaponins on blood lipid and hemorheology of rats

Objective To study the influence of soyasaponins on blood lipid and hemorrheology and its intervention effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in rats.Methods Forty-eight SD healthy male rats were randomly divided into normal control,high fat control,high fat with 10 mg/kg·d of aspirin,high fat with soyasaponins at the doses 20 mg/kg·d,40 mg/kg·d,and 80 mg/kg·d,according to the rats' weight and serum cholesterol level.Ten weeks after the gastric gavage treatment,total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C),lowdensity lipoprotein holesterol(LDL-C),and hemorrheology indexes were determined.Results Compared to high fat control group(2.19 mmol/L),soyasaponins significantly reduced the serum TC(1.86,1.85,and 1.72 mmol/L for groups with 20,40,and 80 mg/kg soyasaponins),LDL-C,TG concentrations and increased the HDL-C levels.Soyasaponins decreased whole blood viscosity(5.13,4.89,and 5.11 mpa·s for groups with 20,40,and 80 mg/kg soyasaponins).The hymatokrit and erythrocyte deformation index increased and the plasma viscosity index,erythrocyte aggregation index and erythrocyte electrophoresis index decreased in soyasaponins treatment groups.Conclusion The results suggest that soyasaponins could adjust blood fat,reduce whole blood viscosity and improve blood viscosity and the effects are beneficial for the prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.