医院感染流行趋势及控制措施

目的了解医院感染发病率变化及感染致病菌分布特征,为控制医院感染提供依据。方法通过回顾性调查,对本医院2000-2008年住院患者医院感染发病率以及病原菌变化趋势进行了调查与分析。结果该医院在2000-2008年期间住院患者中共发生医院感染患者6 203例,平均医院感染发生率为2.9%,波动在2.0%～4.1%之间。感染部位以下呼吸道为主,血液感染呈上升趋势。医院感染病原菌以白色念珠菌、大肠埃希菌和铜绿假单胞菌为主,2004年后鲍曼不动杆菌呈上升趋势。结论该医院的院内感染发生率低于国内平均水平,但血液感染呈上升趋势;感染病原菌以真菌和革兰阴性杆菌为主,应以此制定防控措施。

STUDY ON HOSPITAL INFECTION EPIDEMIC TREND AND CONTROL MEASURES

Objective To understand the incidence of hospital infection and changes of pathogenic bacteria distribution characteristics,in order to provide reference data for hospital infection control.Methods Retrospective investigation was used to analyze and investigate nosocomial infection incidence of inpatients and pathogens change trend from 2000 to 2008.Results Patients with hospital infection in hospital were 6 203 cases during 2000 to 2008 and the average hospital infection rate was 2.9%,with a 2.0%~4.1% fluctuation.The mainly site of infection was lower respiratory tract,but bloodstream infections was rising.Pathogens of nosocomial infection were mainly Candida albicans,Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Infection of Bauman Acinetobacter showed an upward trend after 2004.Conclusion The hospital nosocomial infection rate is lower than that of the national average level,but the blood infection shows a ascendant trend;infection pathogenic bacteria are mainly fungi and gram-negative bacilli,so we should take prevention and control measures.