贫困山区中学生"小手牵大手"预防艾滋病健康教育的效果

目的 探讨"小手牵大手"教育模式在贫困山区预防艾滋病知识传播、态度改变、行为转变中的效果.方法 采用目标抽样与分层整群抽样相结合的方法,以陕西省商洛市的镇安、山阳、商南3个贫困山区县中全部30所中学为研究对象,选择1 136名在校中学生作为培训对象,并通过他们进一步将预防艾滋病知识、态度传播给社区居民.结果 骨干中学生培训后,除"通过血液检查可以确定一个人感染了艾滋病病毒"外,预防艾滋病知识的知晓率与培训前比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).社区居民经过"小手牵大手"活动后,预防艾滋病知识的知晓率及对待艾滋病的正确态度、行为与活动前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).干预后骨干中学生和社区居民对联合国大会艾滋病特别会议关于艾滋病指标(UNGASS)的5个问题的回答全部正确率分别由19.23%和35.15%升高到57.57%和53.32%.结论 "小手牵大手"教育模式适合贫困山区预防艾滋病健康教育活动.

Effect of "Adults Educated by Students" to Health Education on Prevention of AIDS in Poverty-Stricken Mountainous Area

Objective To study the effect of "Adults Educated by Students" model on knowledge dissemination,and changes of attitude and behavior about prevention of AIDS in people of poverty-stricken mountainous areas.Methods The combination of purposive sampling and stratified cluster sampling was taken in enrolling 1136 students from 30 middle school in 3 mountainous poverty-stricken counties of Shanxi province as subjects to be trained,then they further disseminated the knowledge and attitude of prevention of AIDS to the community residents.Results The awareness rate of preventing knowledge on AIDS of all the middle school students had been significantly improved through training(P<0.01).After performance of "Adults Educated by Students" the awareness rate of preventing knowledge on AIDS,and correct attitude,behavior and action to AIDS of the community residents had been raised(P<0.01).And the total correct rates of 5 questions of AIDS set by United Nations General Assembly Special Session for the middle school students and community residents had grown from 19.23% to 57.57% and from 35.15% to 53.32% respectively.Conclusion "Adults Educated by Students" model is suitable for health education on prevention of AIDS in poverty-stricken mountainous area.