中老年患者与第三磨牙相关的口腔疾病

本研究对口腔内科门诊中35岁以上、至少保留1个第三磨牙者440例进行调查。结果表明因第三磨牙龋病、牙髓根尖病及其相关病变(包括第二、三磨牙间食物嵌塞、第二磨牙远中面龋及与第三磨牙相关的粘膜病)就诊者182例;1158颗第三磨牙中以垂直位者多见,占53.97％;第三磨牙龋坏机率高于其他磨牙及双尖牙(p<0.001);在与第三磨牙相关的粘膜病中以过角化(110例)和创伤性溃疡(35例)为多见,且显示出慢性刺激对白斑与扁平苔藓发生有促进作用。提示保留至中老年的第三磨牙潜在致病性的存在;所以除完全正位萌出且易清洁或对义齿修复有帮助者均应及早拔除。从而进一步丰富了人们对中老年人口腔状况尤其是第三磨牙的认识。

Oral diseases associated with third molar in middle-aged and the elderly patients

A total of 440 cases from dental clinic was studied. They were older than 35 years old and with one third molar at least. There were 246 men and 194 women. The results showed that there were 182 cases (41.36 percent) to clinic for the diseases associated with third molars, which included caries, pulpal and periapical diseases, distal caries of second molars, food impaction between second and third molars and mucosal diseases correlated with third molars. There were 625 third molars as vertical place among 1158. Caries incidence of third molars were higher than other molars and premolars (p<0.001) .There were more cases as hyperkeratosis and traumatic ulcer in mucosal diseases related with third molars. It also indicaed that chronic irritation could cause or aggravate leukoplakia and lichen planus. These suggested that there was potential pathogenesis of third molars in middle-aged and older person. So they should be extacted as soon as possible. All of these made us to understand more about third molars and provided some useful materials for clinical work.