碘缺乏、碘过多大鼠甲状腺结构的体视学研究

目的：研究碘缺乏与碘过多对Wistar大鼠甲状腺结构的体视学影响。方法：将Wistar大鼠随机分为三组，适碘组（对照组NI）、高碘组（HI）、低碘组（LI），观察喂养24周甲状腺结构的体视学改变。应用MIAS－2000型图像分析系统，对大鼠甲状腺滤泡及滤泡胜进行形态定量测定及分析，每例分析150－200个滤泡及滤泡腔，获得7项体视学参数（平均体积、平均表面积、比表面积S／V、数密度Nv、体密度Vv、表面积密度Sv、球形因子SF）和1项滤泡截面积的定量参数。结果：低碘组滤泡及滤泡腔的SF、Vv均明显小于对照组，而S／V、Nv、Sv明显高于对照组，上皮细胞体积明显增大；高碘组滤泡在实验过程中无明显改变，而滤泡腔的均明显小于对照组，上皮细胞体积增大，滤泡的平均体积及平均表面积与对照组无明显差别，但偏大滤泡所占比例增多。结论：碘缺乏导致Wistar大鼠小滤泡增生性甲肿改变，而碘过多在本次实验中未形成甲肿，但随碘过多时间的延长，滤泡腔变小，上皮细胞增生肥大。

A stereological study on thyroid gland in rats of iodine deficiency and excess

Objective: The experiment was designed to study the effeet of iodine deficiency and iodine exeess on tyroid morphology in rats for 24 weeks of experiment.Methods: The rats were divided into three groups rmdomly, normal iodine group (NI), low iodin group (LI) and high iodine group (HI) for 24 weeks. Morphological observation and stereological analysis were peifrmed by using routine histology method and MIAS- 2000 image analysis system. 150 to 200 thyroid follicle, follicular cavities and their foilicular cens were studied. Results: The results showed that the mean volume , mean surface , the volume density (Vv) and spherical factor (SF) of thyroid follicle and follicular cavity were significantly lower and the numerical density (Nv), specific surface (S/V) and surface density (Sv) were higher in iodine deficien group compared with the control group, and the cross section of follicular cells was lower than the control. All paramters of follicles in iodine excess group were shown no diffrence comparing with the normal group, but the and of folliclar cavities was lower than control group. Further analysis showed that the volume of epithelial cells of iodine deficien group and iodine excess group was statistically higher than the control. The ratio of larger follicles increased in iodin excess group, Conclusinn: Based on the results we concluded that iodine deficiency caused overt goiter, but iodine excess did not indue it in Wistar rats in our twnt. These stereological findings provided a quantitative evidence for the mophological study of iodine deficiency and iodin excess.