世界银行贷款宜昌市血吸虫病控制项目实施效果评价

宜昌市是湖北省世行贷款血防项目实施的重点地市之一。自１９９２年项目启动，历时７年，按照血防项目实施方案开展工作，取得了巨大的卫生和社会效益。疫区村由重向轻转移，人群、耕牛感染率逐年降低，钉螺危害逐步下降。１９９８年与１９９２年相比，一层村由２个减少到０，二层村由９个减少到５个，三层村由２４０个增加到２４６个，钉螺面积由１９８．５６万ｍ２减少到１９．７４万ｍ２，易感地带面积由６２万ｍ２减少到７万ｍ２，查出病人数由３８４２人减少到４５１人，查出病牛由８９５头减少到２９８头。从监测的情况分析，人群感染率由５．０５％下降到１．８０％，下降了６４．３６％；耕牛感染率由３．６９％减少到０．５６％，下降了８４．８２％；钉螺感染率由１．９７％减少到０．５６％，下降了７１．５７％；阳性钉螺密度由０．００４６只／０．１１ｍ２减少到０．０００４７只／０．１１ｍ２，下降了８９．７８％。疫区人群的血防知识普及率由１９９１年的５５％上升到１９９８年的１００％，疫区中小学校开设血防知识课的普及率由１９９１年的６９％上升到１９９８年的１００％，健康教育成效显著。结果表明血防项目的技术策略可行，实施过硬，达到了项目的总体目标。

EVALUATION ON IMPLEMENTING THE WORLD BANK LOAN PROJECT OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN YICHANG CITY

Since the implement of World Bank Loan Project of Schistosomiasis Control from 1992 to 1998, great progress such as the alleviation of infection intensity in endemic villages, the decrease of both human and cattle infection rates, and the reduction of snail habitat area have been achieved in Yichang City. As compared the results in 1998 with that of 1992, the number of hyperendemic villages decreased from 2 to 0, the mesoendemic villages from 9 to 5, but the hypoendemic villages increased from 240 to 246. The decrease of other indices are as follows: snail habitat areas from 1985600 to 197400m2, higher risk areas from 620000 to 70000m2, human cases from 3842 to 451, infected cattle from 895 to 298, human infection rate from 5.05% to 1.80% with a reduction rate of 64.36%, cattle infection rate from 3.69% to 0.56% with a reduction rate of 84.82%, snail infection rate from 1.97% to 0.56% with a reduction rate of 71.5% and the intensity of infected snail from 0.0046 to 0.00047/0.11m2 with a reduction rate of 89.78%. In addition, the general knowledge popular rate in endemic areas increased from 55% in 1991 to 100% in 1998, while the popular rate of schistosomiasis control lecture in middle and primary schools increased from 69% in 1991 to 100% in 1998. The results showed that the technic control strategy in World Bank Project is practical and general objectives of the project had been achieved.