有家族史与无家族史高血压病患者发病特点及危险因素的调查分析

目的分析有家族史和无家族史高血压患者的发病特点及危险因素的异同。方法对913例心血管内科门诊就诊的15岁以上原发性高血压患者,进行发病特点及心血管危险因素调查,根据有无家族史分为2组,家族史阳性者522例(A组),平均年龄(53.02±13.76)岁;家族史阴性者391例(B组),平均年龄(51.59±14.03)岁。数据采用SPPS11.5软件包,以多元logistic回归分析高血压的主要危险因素;用t检验和χ2检验对2组发病年龄、血压分级及高血压危险因素的差异进行显著性检验。结果吸烟、超重或肥胖、喜咸食、高血压家族史及缺乏体育锻炼,为2组高血压患者共同的独立危险因素。有高血压家族史患者与无家族史患者比较,发病年龄较早,血压水平偏高,超重肥胖发生率较高(P<0.05)。2组吸烟、喜咸食及缺乏锻炼差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论家族史是高血压发病的独立危险因素;有高血压家族史患者发病年龄早,血压水平较高,更肥胖;吸烟、膳食口味偏咸、超重、肥胖及缺乏体育锻炼,是有家族史和无家族史高血压患者共同的危险因素。

Analysis the differences of characteristics and risk factors in patients with hypertension and with or without family history

Objective:To analysis the differences of characteristics and risk factors in patients with hypertension and with or without family history.Method:913 essential hypertensives were divided into two groups according to family history,522 in group 1 with family history and 391 in group 2 without family history.Data were analyzed by Spss11.5 software.Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to analysis main risk factors of hypertension.t test and χ2 test were performed to evaluate differences of the age of onset,blood pressure level and risk factors between the two groups. Result:Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that smoking,overweight or obesity,high salt diet,family history of hypertension and short of physical exercise were independent risk factors of both groups.The age of onset was younger,the rate of overweight or obesity and blood pressure level was higher in group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups on smoking,high salt diet,short of physical exercise.Conclusion:Family history is an independent risk factor of hypertension.Patients with family history have earlier onset age, higher blood pressure and higher rate of overweight or obesity.Smoking,high salt diet,overweight or obesity and short of physical exercise are common risk factors of hypertensives with or without family history.