临沂市流动儿童免疫接种现状和影响因素分析

目的　 研究流动儿童 4种疫苗 (卡介苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗、百白破疫苗和麻疹疫苗 )免疫接种状况及其影响因素。方法　 对 1997年 8月至 1999年 10月在临沂市兰山区、罗庄区和河东区进行了针对预防接种服务提供者和接受者的流行病学调查。结果　 流动儿童 4种疫苗全程基础免疫覆盖率为 34 .2 6% ,95%可信区间为 2 9.57%～ 38.94 % ;结论　4种疫苗接种状况的影响因素涉及免疫服务供方和受方两方面 ,是众多因素相互作用的结果 ,其中接种单位是否定期摸底、儿童母亲在流入地生活时间、儿童家长对疫苗种类的了解、接种依从性、就医选择及儿童接生情况是重要的影响因素。

AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMMUNIZATION SITUATIONS OF CHILDREN IN FLOATING FAMILIES AND THE CORRELATIVE FACTORS IN LINYI CITY

Objective To survey the immunization situations of children in flooating families and the correlative factors.Methods Epidemiological surveys were made among immunization vaccinators and acceptors from August,1997 to October,1999.Results The whole-course fundamental immunization rate of 4 kinds of vaccines (vaccines of BCG,OPV,DPT and MV) was 34.28%.The 95% confidence intervals were between 29.57% and 38.94%.Conclusion The immunization situations were influenced by many factors concerning the vaccinators and acceptors.These important factors include the regular surveys made by EPI staff,the duration in which floating families stay in a place,parents' knowledge about the 4 kinds of vaccines,the willingness of receiving immunization,the choosing of vaccinator and the delivery conditions of newborns.