莱州市农村老年人跌倒危险因素的调查研究

目的：分析农村老年人跌倒的情况和危险因素，为开展老年跌倒的预防提供依据。方法：采用整群抽样方法，对莱州市西由镇60岁及以上的1003位农民，发生在2001年3月前12个月的跌倒情况进行调查，结果：跌倒发生率为22．6％，男性15．9％，女性28．4％，女性，年龄大，前1年跌倒史，独居，2种以上慢性病，2种以上不良症状，自我健康评价差，与前1年对比健康评价差，步态不稳是跌倒的危险因素。社会交往少是跌倒的保护因素，结论：由多种原因造成农村老年人跌倒，预防老年人跌倒也亦采取多种措施。

A study on risk factors for falling down in elderly people of rural areas in Laizhou City

Objective To study the status and risk factors for falling down in elderly people in rural areas, and to provide evidences for preventions. Methods A total of 1 003 farmers aged 60 years old and over were surveyed to study the falls occurred during the previous 12 months before March 2001 in the elderly in a town of Laizhou City by cluster sampling method. Results The average incidence of falling down was 22.6%, 15.9% for men and 28.4% for women, respectively. The risk factors of falls included gender, age, single-living, falling history in the previous year, at least combined two kinds of chronic diseases, manifesting at least two symptoms, gait abnormalities, as well as complaining poor physical status and poorer general conditions than the previous year. Less social actions was negatively associated with the falls. Conclusions The falling in the elderly walkers results from an outcome of combination of multifactors. Since the complex pathogenesis, it should be prevented by a combination of several methods.