玉米醇溶蛋白仿生组织工程支架材料体内外诱导成骨的实验研究

目的 检测玉米醇溶蛋白(zein)仿生三维多孔支架材料的生物相容性、骨诱导性和生物可降解性. 方法 将人骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)载人海藻酸钠或zein制成复合物.通过扫描电镜观察、噻唑蓝分析法以及碱性磷酸酶染色与定量检测,分别比较zein和海藻酸钠对BMSCs体外黏附、增殖和分化的影响.取24只8周龄裸鼠,随机分为两组,制成肌袋植入异位成骨模型.对照组单纯植入zein,实验组植入zein与兔BMSCs复合物.术后2、4、8和12周取材进行影像学和组织学观察. 结果 与海藻酸钠相比,zein在任何时间段均能够更好地促进兔BMSCs的体外增殖和分化,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).同时,与单纯植入zein相比,BMSCs能够增强zein体内诱导成骨的作用. 结论 zein具有良好的生物相容性、骨诱导性和生物可降解性.

Biocompatibility, osteoinductivity and biodegradability of bionic zein scaffolds in vitro and in vivo

Objective To evaluate the biocompatibility, osteoinductivity and biodegradability of porous zein scaffolds. Methods Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were isolated from hBMSCs and seeded on alginate and zein respectively. SEM, MTT, and ALP staining and quantitation were utilized to compare the biocompatibilities of alginate and zein. The bilateral thigh muscle pouches were made models of ectopic bone formation in 24 nude mice and divided into equal 2 groups randomly. The muscle pouches were implanted with simple zein scaffolds in group A and with zein scaffolds plus rabbit BMSCs in group B. The effects of ectopic bone formation and scaffold degradation were evaluated by radiographic and histological ex-aminations at 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks after operation. Results SEM illustrated that BMSCs spread well on zein. Besides, BMSCs seeded on zein showed better proliferation and differentiation than on alginate. In models of ectopic bone formation, both X-ray and histological results demonstrated that zein alone could enhance new bone formation and the osteoinducitivity could be dramatically enhanced by seeding BMSCs. Conclusion Since zein has good biocompatibility, osteoinductivity and biodegradation, it can be a prospective choice for autologous bone grafts.