腰椎后部结构的运动学分析

以人体完整腰椎作为实验标本，设计和应用平行光三维运动测量系统，获得各向运动时腰椎后部结构特定点的三维运动参数。通过载荷－位移曲线分析，发现腰椎后部结构重要部位的立体运动规律。右旋时右侧腰４下关节突的相对运动是后移０．６ｍｍ；上移１．０ｍｍ和右移３．０ｍｍ，扩大了腰５神经根管的容积。前屈时，无论那一个腰椎节段，均发生向前、上方的运动，侧向移位较。老年腰椎标本不同节段的主运动轴在Ｘ和Ｚ轴不规律更换，加载过程中位移量变化较中青年标本大，这与标本的退变和稳定性变化有关。

KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF POSTERIOR ELEMENT OF LUMBAR SPINE

A whole human lumbar spine was used as experimental specimen,the parallel light 3-D movement measurement system was designed and applied, then 3-D movement parameter of Special point of lumbar spine posterior elements was obtained during varying movement.By means of an analysis of loading-displacement curve,we found regularity in the stereoscopic movement of important region of lumber spine posterior elements. During right rotation the relative motion of right L_4 inferior process of facet joint were 0.6mm (backward)1.0mm(upward) and 3.0mm (right lateralward), it resulted in enlarging the volume of L_5 nerve root canal.While flexional,no matter which lumber spinal section it is,the motion is foreward and upward with a little lateral displacement.The main movement axis of different segment of aged lumbar spine specimen changed not regularly in X and Z axes,the displacement variable were more large than that of young and middle age specimen in loading,due to degeneration and stability of specimen.